掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著  

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著  

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

<p> Personal air conditioning system is an air distribution method to provide a satisfactory thermal environment. The purpose of this study is to propose a CFD modeling method of the airflow from personal air supply terminal. As the first step, a full-scale experiment was conducted under the isothermal condition, where a personal air supply terminal was installed on the ceiling. The supply airflow rate was regulated at 28 m³/h. In the experiment, 2-D velocity was measured using a X-type hot-wire probe, and turbulent statistics were measured using an I-type hot-wire probe. The experiment was conducted to obtain boundary conditions for CFD and to obtain true value for accuracy verification. Second, CFD analyses using Standard <i>k-ε</i> Model (SKE), SST <i>k-ω</i> Model (SST) and Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) were performed, and SKE and SST showed good agreement with experimental result as shown in Fig. 9. To perform this Detailed CFD analysis, a large number of grids is required, which leads to large computational load and difficulty in analysing a large space. Therefore, to decrease the number of grids without loosing accuracy, two CFD modeling methods were applied in this paper, i.e., momentum method and P.V. method. The analysis using these two methods was performed, and the accuracy was verified by comparing the result with that of above-mentioned detailed analysis. As the result, in the case of 50mm-mesh, the decrease of the accuracy was not significant because the number of grids is relatively large. On the other hand, in the case of 100mm-mesh, the accuracy was greatly decreased if no modeling method was applied. However, the accuracy was obviously improved by using the momentum method and P.V. method as shown in Fig. 12 and 13.</p><p> </p><p> The conclusions obtained in this paper are summarized as follows.</p><p> (1) In the accuracy verification where the experiment was compared with CFD, both SKE and SST showed good agreement with the experimental result regarding average 2-D velocity distribution on the central section. However, RSM overestimated the diffusion of momentum, and consequently showed the tendency to underestimate the reach of air flow compared to the experimental value.</p><p> (2) In the CFD analysis using the Momentum method, the accuracy is not sufficient if compared to the detailed analysis. However, the tendency of the velocity distribution was quite similar to that of the detailed analysis. In the case of a 100-mm mesh, the improvement of accuracy by CFD modeling becomes large if compared to the case of 50-mm mesh.</p><p> (3) It was confirmed that the P.V. method had better accuracy of velocity distribution if compared to the momentum method, and that the reaching distance of 0.5 m/s was well agreed with the detailed analysis in the case of diagonal supply.</p><p> </p><p> As a future prospect, CFD analysis for a large office space where a large number of personal air terminals are installed is to be conducted to study the influence of each air flow of personal airflow and the influence on ambient air flow.</p>

DOI： 10.3130/aije.85.465

CiNii Article

掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）   共著区分：共著  

掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）   共著区分：共著  

掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）   共著区分：共著  

掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）   共著区分：共著  

掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）   共著区分：共著  

掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）   共著区分：共著  

掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）   共著区分：共著  

掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）   共著区分：共著  

掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）   共著区分：共著  

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著  

掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）   共著区分：共著  

掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）   共著区分：共著  

掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）   共著区分：共著  

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Using CFD simulation, this study compared heat mitigation effects of partial turf planting in school yards and of overall turf planting. Typical school lots and surrounding buildings were modelled according to actual conditions. Temperature contour lines and air flow vectors on school yards showed that heat mitigation effects are dependent on wind speed and direction. The wet bulb globe temperatures were evaluated and compared. Turf planting in western parts of the school yards was most effective. Heat mitigation at leeward wind areas was slight.

掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

By measuring gazing points of elderly people (65–91) and young people (21–25) as they walked down corridors, this study examined gazing characteristics and their mutual relations, along with physical strength and two-step size.
Results clarified the following five points.
1) Among these participants, 64.1% of elderly people and 21.4% of young people had equal to or less than 1.3 two-step size. People with equal to or less than 1.3 two-step size have a higher probability of falling.
2) The frequency distribution of gazing points revealed four groups: G1) 1 area concentration, G2) 2 area concentration, G3) 3 or 4 area concentration, and G4) more than 5 area distribution.
3) The two-step size was worst in G2 and greatest in G3 for elderly people. Therefore, people in G2 tend to fall, but those in G3 do not. Age is unrelated to these results.
4) Gazing characteristics are unrelated to the ease of falling for young people.
5) In G2 of elderly people, someone who is more impervious to glare has a smaller two-step size.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

This study measured pupil size and forehead illuminance simultaneously for elderly people 65 years or older and young university students during corridor walking in daily lighting. Subjective evaluation of the light environment in an experimental room was done for dark and light conditions. Brightness, glare, uniformity, flickering, lighting comfort, lighting preference, and performance were evaluated. Illuminance was 550 lux in the dark condition and 3300 lux in the light condition. For the elderly and young people, pupil size response to illuminance and the relation of its change to forehead illuminance during walking and subjective light evaluation to dark and light conditions in the experimental room were compared. The gradient of pupil size to forehead illuminance was used as an index of the response. Results show differences in gradients between elderly and young people in lighting preference evaluation of the dark condition and in performance evaluation of the light condition.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Light and Dark conditions were evaluated by elderly people and young people in terms of brightness, glare, comfort and preference using experiments with Dark-to-Light and Light-to- Dark sequences. Results indicated the following: 1) Elderly people were less sensitive in terms of brightness to the difference of illuminance change order. 2) Elderly people were less sensitive in terms of glare to the difference of illuminance and to the difference of illuminance change order. 3) The Dark condition was evaluated as less comfortable and less preferred than the Light condition in Light-to-Dark experiments for elderly people, although no difference was found for young people between the Dark and the Light conditions in Light-to-Dark experiments. 4) The Light condition in Dark-to-Light experiments had weaker glare by elderly people than by young people. The Dark condition in Light-to-Dark experiments was evaluated as more comfortable and more preferred by young people than by elderly people.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Relation between bedroom thermal environment change and subjective sleep quality and thermal comfort was surveyed for 63 apartment occupants during midsummer in Osaka. Change of Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) of 123 air conditioned and 41 naturally ventilated nights were compared. 1) If bedrooms were air conditioned, sleep quality was better for smaller change of WBGT since the beginning of sleep and faster change of WBGT to constant since the beginning of sleep, 2) If bedrooms were naturally ventilated, a) WBGT increased since the beginning of sleep and decreased toward the end of sleep for higher sleep quality nights. On the other hand, WBGT decreased since the beginning of sleep and increased toward the end of the sleep for lower sleep quality nights. b) WBGT change was smaller for thermally comfortable nights.

担当区分：最終著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

The impinging jet ventilation (IJV) system is an air-distributing strategy to generate a thermal
stratification in a room by supplying the air vertically toward the floor, which provides higher ventilation
effectiveness than mixing ventilation. To date, however, no simplified prediction model of indoor thermal
environment for an impinging jet ventilated room has been established. Therefore, this study aims to
propose a simplified calculation model based on “Block Model”. This paper first presents a parametric
study using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), where total supply airflow rate of a test room is changed
as a parameter. The number of terminal is also changed. Secondly, the paper presents the simplified
calculation model of vertical temperature distribution based on block model that solves heat flow by
advection and diffusion. Here, in this prediction model, the most important parameter is the turbulent
thermal diffusivity between two room-space blocks in vertical direction. The room-space blocks are
classified into two types, i.e., lower and upper part of a room. Based on parametric study using CFD,
turbulent thermal diffusivity is arranged for lower and upper block respectively, and it is finally shown that
the vertical temperature distribution from block model well agrees with CFD result.

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

<p>平成24年、厚生労働省により無菌治療室の施設基準が変更され、無菌治療室の空調設備は、垂直層流方式、水平層流方式又はその双方を併用した方式を採用することが義務化された。しかし、具体的にどのような方式が基準を満たすかについては明確に定義されていない状況である。また、換気システムの性能評価手法も確立されておらず、性能評価例もあまり見られない。そこで本研究では、無菌治療室の各種換気方式における換気効率に着目し、定量的な性能評価を行う。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2019.3.0_61

CiNii Article

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

<p>一般的な風力換気量の算定式は、風圧係数差の時間平均値を用いており、気流の乱れを考慮していない。したがって、風圧係数差が微小な2開口を有する単室条件では換気量の予測精度が低くなる。本報では、2開口を有する単室を対象に風圧係数差を1方向の定常的な通気が見られる範囲まで大きくした条件も含めて定常および非定常のRANSとLESにおける換気量の比較を行う。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2019.4.0_57

CiNii Article

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

<p>本研究は実測調査を基にした自然換気性能についての知見の蓄積を目的としている。本報では、執務者によるアンケート調査により実運用下での執務環境の実態把握を行った結果について述べる。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2019.6.0_465

CiNii Article

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

<p>本研究では実測に基づく性能評価の知見を蓄積して提供することを目的とし、外部ボイド（屋外ボイド）を有する建物を対象とした室内環境及び換自然気量測定の結果について述べる。対象建物は重力・風力併用型自然換気システムを導入したオフィスビルであり、本報では春季と秋季の自然換気運用下において、自然換気口解放の許可条件を変更し、室内空気環境の実測及び自然換気量の算定を行った結果を報告する。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2019.6.0_457

CiNii Article

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

<p>本研究はCFD解析を用いたパーソナル空調システムの評価を目的としている。本報ではP.V.法を用いたCFD解析によって大空間オフィスの再現を行い、解析を行った結果について述べる。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2019.6.0_481

CiNii Article

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

<p>本研究では、天井面より噴流により空調空気を供給する小型のパーソナル気流ユニットを対象としてCFD解析で実用的な精度を保ったまま粗い計算格子で簡易的に再現することを目的としている。そのため、詳細な格子分割を行なったCFD解析結果を真値とし、粗い計算格子でP.V.法及びMomentum法を適用した際の解析精度の検証を行う。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2019.6.0_477

CiNii Article

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著  

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Gazing points and pupil size of elderly people were measured when walking with face illuminance to prevent fall accidents. Relations between gazing characteristics and illuminance were analysed, clarifying the following points. 1) Mean pupil sizes differed among participants, but the 25–75 percentile values were similar. 2) Individual differences in the gradient of pupil size regression by illuminance were large. The pupil size changed little for about 35% of participants when the illuminance changed. Pupil responses against illuminance change were slight for them. 3) Gazing points were distributed vertically for participants, showing steep gradients, but the points were concentrated for participants showing moderate gradients. 4) Gazing points were distributed more evenly for participants who walked more than two hours per day.

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著  

担当区分：最終著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

The goal of this study is to propose a new prediction method of the wind-induced natural ventilation
rate that works well for minute wind pressure difference. In this study, a rectangular single room
model provided with two openings is studied by Large Eddy Simulation (LES). First, the flow rate is
measured by tracer gas method in a wind tunnel, and it is simulated by LES to verify the accuracy.
Then, a parametric study is performed by varying the opening position and corresponding wind
pressure coefficient difference (ΔCp). Finally, a equation to estimate the flow rate is proposed where
the standard deviation of ΔCp and mean velocity in the vicinity of the opening are considered as a key
parameter to account for the effect of the turbulence on flow rate.

担当区分：最終著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

The final purpose of this study is to propose a simple estimation method of natural ventilation (hereinafter referred to as NV) rate for mid- to high-rise office buildings. In this study, flow rate of the existing NV building is evaluated by two types of wind pressure coefficient (Cp value), i.e., database values and experimental values obtained from wind tunnel test with its scaled model. In the previous study, the database was organized by wind tunnel test with the simplified city block model, which was aimed to obtain Cp values for various business districts with ease. Comparing the flow rate calculated by database Cp values and that by the Cp values from the wind tunnel test for actual city block, the usefulness of the database was investigated for shaft type NV system. However, in the shaft type NV system, the main driving force is buoyancy, and Cp value is not dominant. In this paper, therefore, the validity of the database is studied also for other types of NV system utilizing wind. Namely, three different ventilation types, cross-vent type, shaft type, and combined type are studied. It is finally shown that the Cp value database arranged in the previous study can work well to predict NV rate even for cross-vent type and combined type NV systems.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

A questionnaire survey and bedroom thermal environment measurements were conducted for 24 university students for 581 nights in the peak of summer for three years to clarify subjective ranges of thermal comfort and good sleep quality. Results revealed the following. 1) Thermal comfort decreased as the standard effective temperature (SET*) increased when SET* was more than 21°C. 2) The SET* range at which more than 80% voted in three central categories of seven-point thermal sensation scale was 19.3–22.7°C, ‘thermally acceptable’ temperatures were 17.7–28.0°C. The good side of the sound sleep evaluation scale was 20.1–23.7°C. 3) Subjective sleep quality decreased gradually when SET* exceeded 22°C. However, sleep quality related to Drowsiness and Fatigue recovery increased when SET* exceeded 26°C. 5) The ratio of ‘thermal comfort’ for air conditioner (AC) non-use nights peaked when SET* was 20°C, although it peaked at 25°C for AC use nights. 6) Subjective sleep quality decreased as SET* increased for AC non-use nights, although it peaked at 25°C for AC use nights.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

This survey, with 75 respondents on a total of 343 peak summer days for three years in apartments in Osaka, Japan, compared sleep quality for three thermal control patterns: air-conditioning through the night, window opening through the night, and partial air-conditioning using a timer. The sleeping room temperature and humidity were measured. A new effective temperature of the sleeping room (SET* _total) was calculated using the total thermal insulation value of clothing and bedding. Clothing insulation was estimated according to ISO9920. Air velocity was estimated according to the electric fan use intensity. The thermal environment was expressed as the mean during sleep.
Frequent thermal control patterns were air-conditioning through the night (21.4%) (Condition AC), window opening through the night (18.6%) (WO), partial air-conditioning using a timer (11.2%) (PA). The indoor and outdoor thermal environment, thermal sensation, and sleep quality measured using an OSA subjective evaluation test were compared among three patterns.
Results revealed the following: 1) The outdoor temperature was higher in PA than in WO (p<0.01) and higher in AC than WO (p<0.05). 2) The indoor SET*_total was higher in WO than in PA (p<0.01) and higher in PA than in AC (p<0.01). Nevertheless, no significant difference was found among thermal sensations associated with the three conditions. Moreover, sleep quality　measured by OSA test was higher, it means that the sleep quality was better, in WO than in AC (p<0.01). 4) As Figure 1 shows, OSA score was low and unrelated to the indoor SET*_total in AC. It worsened as the indoor thermal environment became hotter in WO. But it became better in PA when indoor SET*_total exceeded 31°C. 5) Sleep quality was better in PA than in WO and AC when the outdoor temperature exceeded 27.9°C.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Effects of mood states on evaluation of light environment evaluation were inspected in this study. Light conditions were set in two levels, light (2200 lux) and dark（340 lux). Light level was changed from light to dark or dark to light in an experiment and effects of change order were also considered. Mood states were calculated by Profile of Mood States score which was developed for clinical use. Subjects were classified into high and low mood states by limits of 25, 50 and 75 percentile values of mood score. As a results, tension–anxiety mood was related to the evaluation of glare and comfort. Vigour mood was related to the brightness, comfort, preference and performance. Anger-hostility mood was related to the glare and performance. Depression mood was related to the brightness and glare. However, fatigue and confusion mood were not related to the evaluation of light environment at all.

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著  

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

For this study, the light environment and subjective impressions of observers are evaluated and compared as the illuminance level of an experimental room is changed between light and dark with different orders and speeds. Effects of mood states on the evaluation were also assessed. Results of statistical analyses indicated the following results. 1) In darkening experiments, deterioration of comfort, preference and sense of coziness are less by instantaneous change than by gradual change. 2) In brightening experiments, improvement of comfort, preference, sense of coziness and clearness are greater by instantaneous change than by gradual change. 3) When changed gradually, comfort and preference deteriorate after darkening. The sense of brightness decreases and the sense of glare increases after lightening for subjects of high vigour in mood states. 4) When changed instantaneously, a mood state does not affect the light environment evaluation.

担当区分：最終著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

The Impinging Jet Ventilation System is an air-conditioning method to form thermal stratification. The final objective of this work is to establish a simplified prediction method of vertical temperature profile. As a numerical experiment, a parametric study on supply air momentum is first conducted by CFD in this paper. Based on those results, appropriate turbulent thermal diffusivity in the <i>Block Model</i> corresponding to the supply air condition is determined, because it is of great importance on vertical temperature distribution. The correlation between key dimensionless number regarding important design conditions and the turbulent thermal diffusivity are finally shown.

DOI： 10.3130/aije.81.1117

CiNii Article

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Relation between thermal control use in summer and respondents’ constitutions such as heat and cold resistance, tendency of catching cold, and bad circulation were investigated by questionnaire surveys carried out for Osaka apartment dwellers. 1-a) Males reporting a strong constitution do not use air conditioners, set the highest temperatures, and open windows the most. 1-b) Females reporting a weaker constitutions do not use fans. 1-c) Occupied younger females who are ‘tolerant to heat’ use air conditioners and fans the most. 1-d) Occupied younger males who are intolerant to heat use air conditioners, close windows the most, and set the lowest temperatures. 1-e) Occupied younger women with bad circulation do not use air conditioners much, but set the temperature high. 2) Females who are intolerant of heat report the highest costs for air conditioners, whereas females who report a weaker constitutions also report the lowest costs. 3) Frequency of air conditioners use is related to heat tolerance and age. Younger respondents use air conditioners frequently. Tendency to catching a cold makes no features of thermal control use.

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

Electricity conservation was requested by government in the national interest after the earthquake that occurred in Tohoku on March 11, 2011. In summer 2012, electric utility in Kansai asked businesses and households to reduce electricity consumption by up to 10 percent, and 9 percent was reduced in households.Survey on use of Air-Conditioners, electric fans and natural ventilation in summer was conducted in 2004 in southern Osaka city. Questionnaire sheets were distributed to 1,805 apartments; responded 257 of them by mail were analyzed. Most frequent setting temperatures were 27.0 degC in 2004 and 27.5 degC in 2011. The mean setting temperature was 26.0 degC in 2004 and 27.5 degC in 2011 (p<.0001). These results demonstrate the success of the COOL-BIZ government campaign. Defining the cooling charge as the difference between May and August billing amounts, results show the following for 2011 compared to 2004. Cooling charges were 2,051 yen (43.3%) lower. Also, differences in cooling charges per 1 degree difference of setting temperature were 595 yen in 2004 and 567 yen in 2011. Differences of regression estimates of cooling charges for mean setting temperatures between 2004 and 2011 were similar to differences of mean cooling charges between those of 2004 and of 2011. Comparison of 2011 data to 2004 data revealed that more respondents were satisfied with AC, orientation to AC use was higher, and awareness of cooling costs was lower. Residents depended more on AC to control indoor thermal conditions in 2011 than in 2004, and environmental consciousness was lower. Dissatisfaction with &lsquo;high electric charge for cooling season decreased from 72.9% to 55.6%. The AC performance possibly improved;The cooling charge increased along with disturbances by solar radiation indoors in 2004, but no relation was found in 2011. The relation between the subjective degree of apartment ventilation and the degree of window opening was stronger both when asleep and when awake in 2004, but no relation was found in 2011. Respondents were less concerned about environmental issues and depended more on AC in 2011 than in 2004. Habits of controlling the indoor thermal environment according to the outdoor climate were not as strong in 2011. Most electricity conservation can be characterized as realized by higher AC temperature settings.

DOI： 10.3130/aije.81.785

CiNii Article

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Questionnaire survey of lighting use and electric bill was carried out for more than three hundred family type apartments in Osaka to compare electric energy consumption against daytime and night time lighting styles. Lighting use in daytime and nighttime, electric bill in natural ventilation season, and basic attributes of apartments, family rooms and respondents were asked. Results show the followings: 1) 74.5 % had more than two lighting devices in family rooms. Two were 50.5 % and dominant. But only 8-15 % used them for nighttime local lighting. 2) 49.7 % rarely used daytime artificial lighting, whether 14.6 % used daytime lighting during family rooms stay. Frequency of nighttime local lighting use was lower for behaviors of eating, reading and working. 3) Electric bill of ‘rarely daytime lighting’ apartments was 12.0 % lower than that of ‘almost lighting during stay’ apartments. 4) Electric bill of night time ‘single lighting’ apartments was lower than other night time lighting style apartments, if lighting was used during stay. This tendency was true regardless of the stay duration. On the other hand, electric bill on night time ‘single lighting’ apartments was the highest, if daytime lighting was rarely used and if stay duration was shorter. 5) If daytime lighting was rarely used and if stay duration was longer, electric bill depended on the behaviours when local lighting was used. It was highest for relaxing and lowest for eating.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Analyses of thermal environment, thermal control behaviors, thermal sensations, and sleep quality yielded the following results indicating air conditioner (AC) use effects on sleep quality in 11 bedrooms during three periods of summer. 1) Outside temperatures were higher on AC use days but room temperatures during sleep were kept almost identical (25.7°C). 2) Sleep quality as evaluated by the OSA score was higher on AC use days. However, it was hotter and less acceptable on AC use days, although thermal comfort was not different. 3) On AC non-use days, the relation between thermal comfort and thermal sensation was stronger. Thermally acceptable ranges were wider on non-use days. 4) Relation between the OSA score and the degree of sound sleep was weaker on AC use days. The OSA score was more strongly related to thermal acceptability on AC use days than non-use days. 5) Differences in sleep quality were smaller between AC use days and non-use days than between the surveyed periods. Lower sleep quality in mid-summer was caused not by AC, but by higher room temperatures.

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

Monitor roofs can promote natural ventilation, but it is not easy to predict ventilation flow rate through a monitor roof because of its variable resistance depending upon a number of factors such as wind velocity, wind direction. To predict flow rate through monitor roof, its ventilation characteristic must be arranged in advance, which is expressed as a correlation between internal pressure and flow rate; i.e. p-Q curve. By using dimensionless ventilation characteristics obtained in the previous work, this paper focuses on the flow rate of realistic residential building under various meteorological conditions, which has almost never been evaluated before. This paper presents wind tunnel measurement to obtain Cp value, and calculation of annual ventilation flow rate based on simplified estimation method using ventilation characteristics. Assuming several cases of ventilation path aiming for ventilation or cross-ventilation, ventilation performance is evaluated.

DOI： 10.3130/aije.81.83

CiNii Article

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Contamination distributions were calculated and evaluated by contamination area ratio at respiration height for actual smoking rooms. As a result, 1) Dust contamination area ratio is about 20 % for required ventilation volume by Guidelines. 2) Ventilation volume based on smell level 1 is almost as much as that based on dust criterion. 3) Contamination area ratio of smell level is more rapidly reduced than that of dust as ventilation volume is increased. 4) A desirable clean air condition is producible by increasing ventilation volume on the basis of smell level 1, but strong air current is locally created.

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著  

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

A survey of the actual state of possession, setting, use, and evaluation of lamps in family rooms was conducted for 458 apartments in 111 buildings during 2012 and 2013 in Osaka, Japan. Evaluation included items of light environment evaluation of family rooms: brightness, glare, preference, comfort and performance and colours of light, and so on. Impressions of the room were reported by 18 scales comprising three factors of comfort, luxury, and simplicity. Light environment evaluations other than preferences did not differ among those of incandescent, fluorescent, and LED lamps. However, incandescent lamps were more preferred in light environment evaluations. Rooms with incandescent lamps were regarded as more ‘comfortable’, ‘fashionable’, ‘warm’, and ‘active’ than those without incandescent lamps. No difference was found in either light environment evaluation or impression evaluation between rooms with only ‘yellow’ LED lamps and those with only incandescent lamps.

掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

A questionnaire survey was administered to assess air-conditioner use effects on the relation between residential thermal performance and sleep quality. Results showed the following. 1-1) The Factor 2 (Falling Asleep, Maintaining Sleep) score is unrelated to ‘residential heating performance’ or ‘residential cooling performance’. Some items included in Factor 2, however, are more highly related to performance for an air-conditioner non-user group (AC-NU) than for a user group (AC-U). 1-2) The Factor 2 score is unrelated to ‘solar heat from windows’ for AC-U. However, the score is lower and ‘solar heat from windows’ is higher for AC-NU. 2-1) The Factor 4 (Fatigue Recovery) scores by ‘residential heating performance’ and ‘residential cooling performance’ are higher for AC-U. 2-2) The Factor 4 score is unrelated to ‘solar heat from windows’.

掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Summer thermal control use in apartments in Osaka in Japan was examined in 2004 and 2011. 1) Electricity charges were lower in 2011 by 6.0% in May and by 23.7% in August. The cooling charge was lower by 43.8%. The mean setting temperature was 26.0°C in 2004 and 27.5°C in 2011. 2) Degrees of air conditioner use and window opening and habits of ‘saving electricity’ did not differ. 3) Cooling charges related to the degree of window opening stronger when asleep than when awake. Habits of ‘saving electricity’ showed only slight effects on electric charges and cooling charges in 2011. 4) Relations between temperature settings and the degree of thermal control use were stronger in 2004 than in 2011. Temperature settings did not differ by living environment evaluation or habits of saving electricity either in 2004 or in 2011.

掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

This study examined the effects of noise exposure in daily life on noise evaluation. Specifically, this study investigated road traffic noise and railway noise effects on the evaluation of annoyance evaluations. A questionnaire survey was administered to students walking near a construction site. I received responses from 316 people.
Conclusions of this study about relationship between daily exposure to road traffic noise and railway noise and annoyance of construction are, rrespondents exposed to railway noise evaluate that construction noise is annoying. On the other hand, there are no relationships between road traffic noise and annoyance.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Questionnaire surveys of soccer and concert noise were administered to residents near a stadium. Results show the following. 1) The degrees of noise annoyance and living disturbance are not significantly different for soccer and concert noise, although the noise level is reportedly higher for concerts. 2) Concert noise creates greater discomfort than soccer noise. 3) Noise annoyance is higher for residences with high resistance to noise. 4) The visibility of the stadium is not strongly related to noise annoyance. 5) Consideration of the park and the stadium when they selected the living area is not strongly related to the noise annoyance. 6) The relation between living disturbance and noise annoyance is similar for soccer and concert noise. 7) Soccer noise annoyance is lower for residents who like playing soccer. Concert noise annoyance is lower for residents who pass the park and who take a walk in the park.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

This survey was designed to investigate university student rooms to realize energy savings related to thermal control use and the relations among thermal sensation, clothing insulation, and outdoor air temperature in pre-cooling and post-cooling seasons. Results revealed the following: 1) Phase shifts to the outdoor air temperature mutually differ in pre-cooling and post-cooling seasons. 2) For neutral temperatures, although the effect of pre-cooling makes the act of opening a window less likely, that is not true in the post-cooling season. 3) For thermal sensations, the section rates of thermal control use vary in the pre-cooling season, but do not vary in the post-cooling season. 4) The clothing amount varies more during the pre-cooling season than during the post-cooling season.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Building equipment, energy-saving systems, and claims of inappropriate indoor thermal environments were analyzed in relation to the floor area using responses to a questionnaire survey of service managers of 157 buildings built in Osaka, Kyoto and Hyogo prefectures in Kinki area of Japan. Results show the following: (1) In smaller buildings (< 5,000 m2), set temperatures are higher in summer and lower in winter, effects of “uncomfortable radiation from windows” are greater, energy-saving systems decrease indoor thermal comfort, but claims of “hot” and “cold” are fewer; (2) Claims of “hot” and “cold” are unrelated to the setting temperature and whether the air-conditioning control system is central or local; (3) the adoption rates of mitigation of dress codes (“COOL-BIZ” and “WARM-BIZ”) are higher than those of temperature mitigation of air conditioning.

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：単著  

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

The light environment in a climate chamber was evaluated at two levels of lighting. Differences in evaluations offered by 440 student subjects were analyzed. Results revealed the following. 1) The light environment evaluation related to brightness, brightness for writing, uniformity of lighting, glare, color, comfort, preference, and performance changed according to the level of lighting for all subjects. 2) Profiles of Mood States response patterns were classifiable into five groups. In low vigor Pattern 3, most evaluations did not change according to the illuminance level.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Results of this study show how heat mitigation effects of planting elementary school lawns in urban regions differ according to eight school building configurations and two surrounding building models.
Results show the following. 1) Heat mitigation effects in surrounding buildings of MODEL_H are higher than those of MODEL_N for eight school building configurations. 2) For MODEL_H of higher surrounding buildings, enclosure-type school building configurations show high heat mitigation effects of lawns in terms of temperature differences. 3) School building configurations with no west-facing school buildings have high heat mitigation effects of lawns in OUT_SET* both for Model_H and Model_L.

掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Occurrences of sky types from a set of 15
standard skies (CIE Standard General Sky) were
estimated from sunshine duration and cloud
cover. Sunshine duration and cloud cover data
obtained hourly and at three-hour intervals are
available from websites of meteorological
observatories. Sunshine duration 0.0 and cloud
cover 10 are typical of sky types 1 and 3.
Sunshine duration 1.0 and cloud cover 0 are
typical of sky type 12. Sky type numbers reflect
graduated differences between them. The
occurrence distribution of the sky type at a site
can characterize the daylight climate. Such data
might be useful as bases for effective use of
daylight in particular regions.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Building equipment, energy-saving systems, and claims of inappropriate indoor thermal environments were analyzed in relation to the floor area using responses to a questionnaire survey of service managers of 157 buildings. Results show the following. 1) In smaller buildings (<5000 m2), set temperatures are higher in summer and lower in winter, effects of ‘uncomfortable radiation from windows’ are greater, energy-saving systems decrease indoor thermal comfort, but claims of ‘hot’ and ‘cold’ are fewer. 2) Claims of ‘hot’ and ‘cold’ are unrelated to the setting temperature and whether the air-conditioning control system is central or local. Finally, 3) the adoption rates of ‘COOL-BIZ’ or ‘WARM-BIZ’ are higher than those of temperature mitigation of air conditioning.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Lawn planting in an elementary school playground scattered in urban areas is expected to mitigate heat-island phenomena. This study, using CFD analysis, presents the degree to which this mitigation changes according to the configuration of surrounding buildings. Some examinations assess existing school shapes (CASES 1–4). Other cases are configured symmetrically from east to west (CASES 5–8). In two school shapes, the summer thermal environment in a school is assessed when its playground is covered with a lawn (CASES 2•4•6•8) and when covered with bare soil (CASES 1•3•5•7).

掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

The light environment in a climate chamber was evaluated at two levels of lighting. Differences in evaluations offered by 200 student subjects were analyzed. Results revealed the following. 1) Sleep time during the day before the experiments, regularity of meal times, habits of window opening, and desire for a natural life are all related to evaluation of light. 2) Sex, use of corrective lenses, site of residence, and habits of saving light are unrelated to light evaluation. 3) Lighting comfort and preference depend on whether subjects live in wooden homes or in concrete homes. Concrete-home-residents are more comfortable than wooden-home-residents in dark conditions, although light environment evaluations of concrete-home-residents and wooden-home-residents do not differ in a lighted condition. 4) Wooden-home-residents respond similarly to concrete-home residents if they do not desire continuity to outdoors. Concrete-home-residents respond similarly to wooden-home-residents if they change lighting according to the weather.

担当区分：最終著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Two surveys of the thermal environment and thermal sensations were conducted in the indoor and the semi-open spaces of traditional houses, during both summer and winter, in five districts of Nepal: Banke, Bhaktapur, Dhading, Kaski and Solukhumbu. The surveys were carried out for 40 days, gathering a total of 7116 thermal sensations from 103 subjects. The results show that residents are highly satisfied with the thermal condition of their houses, since they adjust well to the thermal conditions. The residents have higher neutral temperatures in semi-open spaces such as verandas than in indoor spaces. The findings reveal that people in the regions studied adapt well to the natural environment, as a result of which neutral temperatures are different in different climates. They are lowest in the cool climate, medium in the temperate climate and highest in the sub-tropical climate.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

A survey related to school ground lawn planting was administered to elementary school maintenance managers in Osaka city. From all 297 elementary schools in Osaka city, 100 responses were received. Comparison of the answers of respondents from schools where lawn grounds had been ‘completed’, ‘planned’, and ‘not-planned’ revealed the following: 1) ‘completed’ schools have larger grounds and fewer children; 2) ‘not-planned’ schools have lower PTA and exchange activity levels between the school and the local community; 3) ‘planned’ schools are more anxious about efforts at maintaining a lawn; and 4) ‘not-completed’ schools expect lawn planting to mitigate the thermal environment in summer, but ‘completed’ schools do not regard those effects as important.
Sky factors and sunshine duration at the summer and winter solstice and the equinox were estimated for 36 schools. 5) Only 35.3% of the schools satisfy the condition of sunshine duration for raising a lawn. 6) Subjective evaluation of sunshine and contentment with school grounds strongly relate to sky factors and sunshine duration. 7) The sunshine duration is shorter and sky factors are less for ‘completed’ schools.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Air conditioner use and window opening were recorded in Osaka during summer–autumn. The measured period was divided into four seasons according to the change of ratio of air conditioner use. In the former questionnaire survey of the reasons for opening and closing windows, ‘fine weather’ or ‘rain’ were ranked highly. This study investigated effects of weather conditions on the relation between temperature and humidity and thermal control use. Cloud cover was used as indices of weather conditions. Results showed that the ratio of opening was higher 1) for fine weather during the natural ventilation season for equivalent outdoor temperatures, 2) for cloudy weather in the late cooling season for equivalent indoor temperatures, 3) for cloudy weather in the late cooling season for equivalent outdoor humidity, and 4) for fine weather in the cooling season and for cloudy weather in the late cooling season for equivalent indoor humidity.

掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

For the purpose of reducing the room air-conditioners’ energy consumption, an energy saving control method is proposed formerly. In this paper its energy saving effect is confirmed through experiments conducted in six office rooms in actual use. The experiment results show that the air-conditioners controlled by the present energy saving control logic and parameter settings can save electric power up to 3.0% compared to ordinary control. Further, if the energy saving control parameters of room temperature set points are fixed at 27oC for cooling operation in summer and at 23oC for heating operation in winter, in average 18.7% and 23.8% electric power can be saved. At the same time, in order to check whether the indoor air temperature of 27oC in summer and 23oC in winter will cause uncomfortable complaints or not, questionnaires on indoor thermal comfort and sensation are conducted. The results show that these indoor temperatures are acceptable for the occupants. Finally a room model and the air-conditioner control model are developed to simulate the performance of one-minute interval room air temperature, which is used to determine on/off status of air-conditioners for the purpose of calculating electric power consumptions. The models finally are used to find out the optimal control parameter settings. The results show that the operation at optimal control set points can save 28.9% energy compared to the ordinary operation.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

We simulated differences in a town’s configuration between Meiji era year 44 (1988) and 2007 and its effect on the thermal component used for setting the surface temperature.(1) We selected and modeled the Senba area in Osaka city in 1917 as the objective town. (2) We measured the surface temperature of the wooden and soil walls during daytime because, in those days, the building materials differed from those used now. (3) We input surface temperatures, air temperature, air speed, and wind direction in this model. We applied to boundary conditions for stress of the free-slip conditions in and near the analysis region. We applied boundary conditions of thermal movement using the specified surface temperature conditions on the wall, ground, and water. (4) We compared results obtained using the simulations with various inputs of surface temperatures and searched for a relation with the town’s configuration and the component of air temperature.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity, air conditioner use, status of window opening, and occupation were measured for 10 concrete apartments constructed according to the same simple plan in Osaka during summer–autumn. Only one air conditioner was installed for 1–2 occupants for each apartment. Temperatures were classified by 1–2°C; relative humidity was classified by 5–10% and the humidity ratio by 1–2 g in each bin of temperature. The mean ratio of control use was calculated for each bin of humidity only when the apartment was occupied. The relations were analyzed for three seasons divided according to the daily mean ratio of air-conditioner use. Results show that humidity is sometimes dominant in the choice of thermal control use. Sometimes, both temperature and humidity are unrelated to the choice. For the same temperature, the ratio of air-conditioner use is high and the ratio of opening is low when humidity is high.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：単著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Air velocity distribution around a subject facing electric fan was measured by ultrasonic anemometers for 25 °C and 30 °C, when the electric fan was running and stopped. Results: 1) Velocities were almost uniform around the human body in 30 °C when the fan was stopped. 2) Air velocity was higher around the head in 25 °C when the fan was stopped. 3) Air movement was upward for all the measured points both in 25 °C and 30 °C when the fan was stopped. 4) Turbulent intensities were almost uniform around human body when the fan was stopped, although they were smaller in 25 °C. 5) Air velocity increased in concentricity of the subject when the fan was running. The gradation of the velocity was steeper around the head than that around the trunk. 6) Air velocity increased when the room was occupied by the subject when the fan was running.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国際誌  

Distribution of thermal environment for three streets across the East-Yokobori river in the central area of Osaka was measured during daytime in summer by moving observation. Magnitude and extent of the cooling effect of the river on urban warming were investigated. Temperature was lower at divisions with the river. With higher west wind, the cooling effect moved east. Air velocity was low at divisions with river. It was found that the cooling effects of high rise buildings could not be ignored. They are sometimes superior to those of the river.

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   共著区分：共著  

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著  

This study introduces a method to classify sky conditions from overcast to clear by the values of insolation indices. Number of sky types and combination of insolation indices to classify sky types were investigated. Fifteen groups were clustered regarding nine indices by nearest centroid sorting method. Then groups were put together into sky conditions by considering the frequency distributions of CIE general sky types for each group and the frequency distribution of groups for each luminance distribution type. Seven sky conditions were found as a result. Indices to discriminate next sky conditions were found and then the most appropriate combination for total discrimination was decided: turbidity, clearness index, brightness and normalized global illuminance. Sky condition discrimination tree on the basis of the value of the indices was formed by a yearly data of International Daylight Measurement Program at Kyoto station and verified by the data of another year. By this method, illuminance and irradiance measurements can be separated into seven sky conditions considering CIE general sky types by the ranges of four indices without sky luminance distribution measurements.

DOI： 10.2150/jlve.32.14

CiNii Article

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

同じ街区内の路地、小路、大路を対象として、温熱環境の実測と、街路歩行者の熱的主観申告調査、街路に面する住宅の窓開閉状況調査を実施して、1)路地の気温は全季節において小路や大路より0.4-2.3K低い,2)温冷感中央３カテゴリーの出現率は路地は冬は小路より低いが、中間期と夏において小路や大路より高い（昼間）、3)路地の中立SET*は冬に小路や大路より1.5-1.6K低く、中間期と夏に1.7-6.1K高い（昼間）、4)路地に面する住宅の開口部開放率は中間期において小路や大路より高い、5)中間期と夏の昼間には、日射受熱量が小さく表面温度も低い路地のSET*は小路や大路より快適範囲に近い。

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：単著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

Seasonal variations of human thermal characteristics were inspected in thermal comfort and when constantly indoors. Results revealed the following. 1) For all subjects, the metabolic rate, tympanic temperature and body fat were lower in summer than in winter; thigh skin temperatures were higher in summer than in winter. The averaged individual ratio of seasonal difference was 11.9% for metabolic rate, 14.9% for body fat, 1.8% for thigh temperature and 0.53% for tympanic temperature. Seasonal differences of about 10% in metabolic rate were maintained in this study. 2) Seasonal variations of the variables were examined for phase relationships against the outdoor temperature. 2-1) Metabolic rate, thermal sensation, body weight and body fat changed in reverse phase, whereas skin temperature was in-phase. 2-2) Skin temperature lagged by about one month in both summer and winter. Body fat also lagged by about one month in summer, but corresponded to the phase in winter. Metabolic rates were also in-phase in winter but led about three months in summer. Thermal sensations lagged by about three months in winter but were in-phase in summer. Body weight was in-phase in summer and winter. 2-3) Summer disorders were observed particularly in seasonal variations of metabolic rates, tympanic temperature, skin temperatures, and thermal sensation, thereby suggesting that the effect of temperature exposure was altered by air-conditioner use.

DOI： 10.2114/jpa2.25.29

CiNii Article

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：単著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

一方向流方式のクリーンルームの粉塵濃度の立上りをCFDで数値解析し、実験との比較などから、その性能予測への適用可能性を検討した結果、1)濃度分布を計算すれば、完全混合の計算では得られない、吹出し面積や気流速度による性能の違いの定量化や清浄化機構の定性的変化店などの予測が可能、2)濃度減衰時間が完全混合のそれより短い場合が一方向流で、長い場合が非一方向流と規定できる。これは、HEPA面積比の大きさにより決まり、これを定量的に求めた。

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

中間期を中心として窓開放面積率の観察調査、室内温熱環境の実測、開閉センサによる開・閉記録によって窓開放率と内外気候との係わりを調査し、1)日中の個々の窓の開放率は時間帯によって変化しない、2)日平均窓開放率と日平均外気温の間には、中間期には正の冷房期には負の相関があり、日平均開放面積は日平均外気温と線形関係にある、3)室温と日平均外気温には高い相関が見られ、Adaptive Modelと符合する、などを明らかにした。

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

変動特性の異なる４種類の騒音を９名の大学生に評価させて、1)作業時は騒音暴露時間とともに鉄道騒音が最も集中力を下げ、緊張・興奮度を高める。ついで変動幅の大きい道路騒音が緊張度を高める、2)安静時では、騒音暴露時間とともに道路騒音は鉄道騒音やホワイトノイズよりリラックス度を高める、変動幅の小さい道路騒音で特に顕著である、3)道路騒音のレベル変動は安静時の脳波変動に影響する、などを明らかにした。

担当区分：最終著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

ネパールのにおける5つの地域で夏と冬の熱的主観申告調査と温熱環境測定を行い、1)亜熱帯では夏の昼寝、温帯では夏の扇風機、冷帯では冬の靴や靴下で暑さ寒さを緩和している、2)室内の中立温度は、夏、亜熱帯30.0℃、温帯23.4-29.1℃、冷帯21.1℃、冬は亜熱帯16.2℃、温帯15.2-24.2℃、冷帯13.4℃である、3)半戸外の中立温度は室内より、亜熱帯と温帯Dでは夏と冬で0.4-3.7K高く、温帯Cでは夏4.8K、冬5.1K低い、中立温度は半戸外や薪を燃やす室で高い、などを明らかにした。

担当区分：最終著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

ネパールの5つの地域において夏季の住宅温熱環境の実測を行い、1)居住者は内部、半外部、前庭を時間的に移動して居住温熱環境を緩和している、2)亜熱帯の土間の効果、密集市街地の下階の熱的安定、台所付近の過熱がある、3)開放的な半外部空間の気温や風速は外部に近く、就寝に利用される、4)新型住宅の温熱環境には問題がある、5)土間、土壁造、煉瓦造、石造には調湿作用がある、6)セメント瓦葺きやトタン葺きの屋根裏表面温度は42.9-60.9℃まで上昇する、などを明らかにした。

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

大学生に大学研究室で窓を開閉する理由について調査を行い、1)開ける理由は風通し因子、温熱環境因子、空気環境因子の順である。風通し因子と外界とのつながり因子は関係がある、2)開けない理由は温熱環境維持因子、雨風虫鳥の侵入防止因子の順である。習慣因子はあまり開けない人のみに見られる、3)閉める理由は、よく開ける人、あまり開けない人ともに冷房使用が最も強い。よく開ける人は侵入防止因子や、帰宅・外出因子も強い。あまり開けない人は寒さも強い、ことなどを明らかにした。閉鎖は生活行動の影響が強い一方で、開放は習慣の影響よりも居住性改善のために不快解消に対する期待の影響が強いといえる。

担当区分：最終著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

ネパール山岳地帯の伝統的住宅における冬季の温熱環境の実測調査を行い、1)中間階の内外温度差は昼間2.5K、夜間4.7K、内外絶対湿度は昼間0.9g/kg、夜間1.2g/kg、上下温度差は昼間3.7K、夜間2.8Kで良好、2)上下温度差は炉付近では昼間3.2K、入口付近で昼間4.2K、夜間4.0K、3)日射や夜間放射の影響は、トタン葺き、石板葺き、草葺きの順に大きい、4)日平均でPMVは-1.2、SET*は20.0℃と低い、5)暖房機の内外温度差は1.5-3.0Kで日本と同程度、等を明らかにした。

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

京都の大学生の冷房使用について、1)日平均冷房使用時間は8.6時間、うち自発使用は3時間、2)自発使用時間は日平均外気温3℃あたり1時間増える、他発使用時間は外気温と無関係、3)耐暑性、発汗能、扇風機利用習慣が冷房使用時間と関係する、4)環境への配慮は自発使用時間と無関係、5)他発使用時間は冷え性と生活の不規則さが関係する、6)冷房費節約意識は自発使用時間と強く関係するが、全使用時間とは無関係、7)冷房使用時間に関係する要因は、6-7月と8-9月で異なる、などを明らかにした。

担当区分：最終著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

都市キャノピー層内にある南北15.8m、東西85mの建物屋上において、上下方向の熱流束性状を把握するために屋上面からの高さを変えて気流測定を行って、1)潜熱流束高さ1.8mでははほぼゼロ、6.0mでは水平風速に比例して増大する、2)高さ6mでは、南風の場合は建物風上側の周辺で発生した潜熱が観測され、北風の場合の潜熱と差がない、3)高さ6mでは、風向に拘わらず建物風上側の周辺で発生した潜熱の乱流輸送量が観測される、4)高さ1.8mでの渦相関法による顕熱流束は屋上面に接した滞留による熱流束と一致する、等を明らかにした。

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

温感研究の萌芽期から現在までの海外の文献からThermal Comfortの主観的申告法を網羅的に収集し、分類・整理して、1)温感研究の初期には熱的快適感は温冷感カテゴリーの程度量表現用語とみなされていた、2)Winslowらは、熱的不快のほうが温冷感より温度調節反応に関係するとの認識からPleasantnessの尺度を導入した、3)Gaggeは温冷感と熱的快適感を分離した尺度を使用した、4)Comfortを使用する多様な申告法が使用されている、5)Gonzalesは熱的受容度の尺度を導入したことなどから、熱的快適感の申告法が、評価に客観性を求めると同時に、不快よりも快適を評価する方向へ、意識下の快適感と意識される快適感を分離する方向へと発展してきたことを明らかにした。

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

温感研究の萌芽期から現在までの海外の文献から局所的温冷感の主観的申告法を網羅的に収集し、分類・整理して、1)局所の評価には、ASHRAE尺度やBedford尺度のほかに二件法も使われる、2)気流感の申告にはは快適感、新鮮感、性状感（強さ、変動、温度）、ドラフト感の尺度がある、3)初期には発汗申告が温冷感申告と同程度にが重視されていた、発汗申告は1980年台以降復活している、4)Jenningsは乾湿感申告を発汗感申告から分離した、などの歴史的変遷を明らかにした。

担当区分：最終著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

都市キャノピー層内にある南北15.8m、東西85mの建物屋上において、鉛直方向の熱流束把握のために大気乱流測定を行い、建物長手方向に対して直交するような風向の場合に着目して分析した結果、熱流束把握の基礎となる気流性状に関して、１）水平風速および鉛直風速の高さ分布は、屋上面から高さ3m以上で、上流点と下流点とで異なる、2)運動量流束は、上流点では屋上面から高さ3m、6mでほとんどゼロとなる、3)下流点の運動量流束は、いずれの高さでも、水平風速の2乗と比例し、その傾きはほぼ同一である、4)高さ15m程度の建物群のある都市キャノピー層内の建物では、上流点において高さ6mの位置では、その建物形状の影響は気流に及ばない、等を明らかにした。

担当区分：最終著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

温暖多照地域における全蓋型アーケード内部の温熱環境を測定し、MRTとSET*、および主観的温冷感によって評価した。1)夏季冬季ともに、晴天時の昼間の内部では、放射によって生じる等価気温の役４分の３は日射による、2)夏季昼間の内部のSET*は外部より低いが、晴天時には33℃を超える、3)夏季夜間の内部のSET*は、外部より低い、4)冬季昼間の内部のSET*は外部より低く、最高でも12.9℃である、5)冬季夜間の内部のSET*は、外部より高い、6)日射量の変化は熱的快適感に影響する。

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著   国際・国内誌：国内誌  

温感研究の萌芽期から現在までの海外の文献からThermal Sensationの主観的申告法を網羅的に収集し、分類・整理して、1)McIntyre尺度とASHRAE尺度に分類できる、2)1940年台までは現場調査用と実験で異なる尺度を使用していた、3)図式尺度は1970年台から使用された、4)Bedford尺度は二段階法で質問し、結果をカテゴリー分類していた、5)カテゴリー数は1930年台以降7が主流となった、などの歴史的変遷を明らかにした。

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   共著区分：共著  

総ページ数：271   担当ページ：125-132   著書種別：学術書   参加形態：ファーストオーサー

大阪都市部の集合住宅居住者の冷房使用頻度、設定温度、冷房費を調査して、1)エアコン台数、居住年数、就寝時の冷房使用頻度が冷房費と関係する、2)窓にすだれを設置している住戸は設置していない住戸と比べて冷房頻度や冷房温度に差はないが冷房費が高い、3)生活時間が規則的な住戸は冷房使用頻度が低く冷房設定温度が高く冷房費が安い、4)環境問題への関心や都市高温化の実感は冷房使用状況と関係しない、などを明らかにした。

総ページ数：24   著書種別：一般書・啓蒙書  

熱中症は炎天下で激しい運動や労働によって起きるだけでなく、日常生活の中で家にいても熱中症になることが知られるようになり、特に高齢者が危険であることから、日本生気象学会の「日常生活における熱中症の予防指針」の内容を一般向けの小冊子として作成した。

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開催地：大阪  

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DOI： 10.20703/jenvpsy.6.1_23

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<p>本研究では中高層オフィスビルを対象として風力・重力を併用した自然換気設計を行う場合に、自然換気口面積と建物内換気経路の通気抵抗が各階の自然換気量に及ぼす影響を明らかにすることを目的とする。そのため、風洞実験により風圧係数を取得した上で対象建物の回路網計算を行い、最終的に前述の設計条件を変更したパラメトリックスタディを行い換気量との関係を示す。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2016.4.0_209

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<p>置換換気方式と同様に温度成層を形成する空調方式の一つである準置換換気方式を対象として、鉛直温度分布の性状解明とその簡易予測を目的とする。本報では、吹出口数と給気風量を変更したCFD解析による数値実験を実施し、その結果を真値と仮定して、ブロックモデルを用いて適切な室内鉛直温度分布を再現し得る乱流熱拡散係数の同定を行った結果を報告する。また、無次元数を用いた関数式を提案する。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2016.4.0_29

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<p>一般に風力換気における換気量を評価する式は単一開口や風圧係数差がない複数開口で換気量を0と評価してしまうが、実際には風の乱れによる換気が行われている。単一開口を扱った研究はこれまでに数多く見られるが、複数開口において風圧係数差が微小な場合での換気効果は不明な点が多いと言える。そこで本報では対面開口を有する室における実質的な換気効果を評価するため、LESを用いたCFD解析を行いPFRとAFRの2種の評価指標を用いて換気量を評価した結果を報告する。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2016.4.0_105

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<p>従来の風力換気量算定法では単一開口や風圧係数差の無い複数開口で換気量が0となるが、実際には乱れによる換気がなされる。本研究では特に複数開口条件に着目し、LESを用いたCFD解析で粒子追跡を行い汚染物排出の観点で定義される換気量（Purging Flow Rate）を算定し、開口面積との関係を示す。また、単一開口と複数開口との違いを示す。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2015.4.0_201

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<p>大阪の集合住宅居住者350人を対象にアンケート調査をおこなって、1)睡眠の質（OSA）、2)寝室における温熱感覚、3)睡眠の質と温熱感覚の関係について、就寝時の冷房使用頻度によるちがいを分析する。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2015.6.0_225

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<p>著者らは既報において、睡眠の質と住戸の断熱性や日射遮蔽性能との関係に着目し、睡眠の質のうち1-1)入眠・睡眠維持が日射の煩わしさによって妨げられ、1-2)疲労回復が暖冷房の効きやすさに関係があり、冷房使用によって2-1)日射遮蔽性能を補い入眠・睡眠維持が向上し、2-2)断熱性が低い住戸では冷房が効かず疲労回復が妨げられる可能性を示した。　本報では、居住者の体質と夏季の睡眠の関係に着目して、1)体質と冷房使用および温冷感との関係、2)体質と睡眠の質の関係に冷房使用が及ぼす影響を分析した。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2015.6.0_221

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<p>　現在、無菌治療室は垂直層流方式または水平層流方式を採用しなければならないが、その定義は明確ではない。また、定量的な性能評価を行った先行研究も少なく、不明な点が多いと言える。本研究では垂直・水平層流換気方式の定量的な性能評価を目的とし、各種垂直/水平層流換気をCFD解析により評価する。具体的には空気齢に基づく評価手法を用い、空気交換効率と局所空気交換指数文4)の評価を行った結果を報告する。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2015.4.0_17

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<p>本研究では、非等温場におけるCFD解析のケーススタディを行い、最終的には数値実験に基づく鉛直温度分布の簡易予測モデルの提案を行うことを目的をする。そのためには非等温場でのCFD解析の精度検証が必要であるため、本報では実験室実験とCFD解析の結果を比較して精度検証を行う。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2015.3.0_177

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<p>　本研究は置換換気方式（以降DV方式）と同様に室内で鉛直方向に温度成層を形成する空調方式である準置換換気方式を取り扱う。 　本研究で検討対象とした準置換換気方式は、床面付近の高さから鉛直下向きに給気を行うImpinging Jet Ventilation方式（以降IJV方式）であり、DVと比較して居住域内において適度に混合が促されるという特徴があり、快適性の高い空調方式となりうる。本報では大きな発熱量を有する負荷が存在する条件かでの温度分布性状を実験室実験により明らかにした。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2014.3.0_205

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<p>夏季日中街路上の温熱環境と歩行者の温熱感覚を測定した結果,夏季屋外において、周囲の長波長放射を考慮しないOUT_SET*やグローブ温度から求めたSET*よりもOUT_SET*-Lのほうが温冷感との関係において温熱環境を正確に表現できる。ただし放射を強く感じる環境では温冷感とうまく対応せず,熱的不快感との対応もよくない。</p>

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2014.6.0_213

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本研究はGrey Theoryシステム理論模型公式の方法を運用して、常州地域にある住宅マンションの室内空気質の実際状況分析を分析する。室内には人に対して健康被害を及ぼす物質、主に:HCOH_3、NH_3、TVOC、C_6H_6等があるが、そのパラメーターに対して予測模型公式(GM(1,1)模型)を作成する。また、この予測模型を応用して、各参数に予測分析を行う。その分析結果によると、常州地域の住宅マンションの室内空気質はよい傾向にあると推測される。

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安藤忠雄氏設計の「光の教会」（大阪府茨木市、１９８９年竣工）は、内部に十字架がなく、前方の壁に十字のスリットをいれて開口部からの光による演出を試みた建築である。本研究は光の空間とも言えるこの「光の教会」の室内を対象として、１）在室者が十字架や窓からの光からどのような印象を受けるのか、２）十字架や窓からの光の物理量は明るさ感や印象評価とどういう関係にあるのか、について分析した結果、以下のことが明らかになった。1) 鉛直面照度は一様に分布しておらず、天候、時間に大きく左右されるが、明るさ感は左右されない。2-1) 室内印象評価項目は、「快適性」、「質感」、「宗教・デザイン性」の因子に分類される。2-2) 室内印象評価には天候により「親しみのもてる」、「あいまいな」、「連続的な」、「自然の」、「安らぐ」に1％以下の有意な差が見られ、それは因子「快適性」に属するものが多く、「質感性」と続き、「宗教・デザイン性」では天候による差が少ない。3) 室内の明るさ感は晴の日は壁、天井面、曇の日は十字架開口部の明るさ感・まぶしさ感と相関がある。

DOI： 10.11515/ieijac.43.0.53.0

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We simulated differences in a town's configuration between Meiji era (1911) and 2007 and its effect on the thermal component used for setting the surface temperature. (1) We input surface temperatures, air temperature, air speed, and wind direction in the base model. We applied to boundary conditions for stress of the free-slip conditions in and near the analysis region. (2) We applied boundary conditions of thermal movement using the specified surface temperature conditions. (3) We compared results obtained using the simulations with various inputs of surface temperatures and searched for a relation with the town's configuration and the component of air temperature.

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2010.2.0_1079

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The DHC system in the block 3 in Nakanoshima was planned to utilize thermal energy of river water. The performance is continuously evaluated after it began to operate in December 2004. This report outlines results of the performance evaluation on annual operation from 2005 to 2007 and of various analyses based on ratingpractice.

DOI： 10.18948/shasetaikai.2008.1.0_145

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近年、都市が抱える様々な問題を解決するため、分野横断的なプロジェクト研究が多数行われている。しかし、それらの成果は、論文などの情報として蓄積されるため、プロジェクトに参加しているメンバー同士であっても相互に理解することが容易ではない。本研究ではこれらの問題点を解決するため、3DVR空間をプラットホームとし、空間情報をインデックスとしてビジュアル/ノンビジュアルな研究成果を蓄積するスタイルのデータベースの開発を行った。

DOI： 10.5989/jsgs.42.Supplement1_53

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