Updated on 2026/04/29

写真a

 
FUJII TOSHIHIRO
 
Organization
Graduate School of Science Department of Physics Associate Professor
School of Science Department of Physics
Title
Associate Professor
Affiliation
Institute of Science
Homepage
https://www.omu.ac.jp/sci/uhelab/
Affiliation campus
Sugimoto Campus

Position

  • Graduate School of Science Department of Physics 

    Associate Professor  2022.04 - Now

  • School of Science Department of Physics 

    Associate Professor  2022.04 - Now

Degree

  • 博士(理学) （ Osaka City University ）

Research Areas

  • Natural Science / Astronomy

  • Natural Science / Experimental studies related to particle-, nuclear-, cosmic ray and astro-physics

  • Natural Science / Theoretical studies related to particle-, nuclear-, cosmic ray and astro-physics

  • Natural Science / Astronomy

Research Interests

  • アマテラス粒子

  • 宇宙線

  • 極高エネルギー

  • 活動銀河核

  • 異方性

  • 空気シャワー

  • 起源

  • 超新星残骸

  • 超新星爆発

  • 銀河団

  • 天文学

  • ガンマ線

  • ガンマ線バースト

  • スペクトル

  • ダークマター

  • ニュートリノ

  • パルサー

  • ブラックホール

  • 中性子星

  • 化学組成

  • 大気蛍光

Research subject summary

  • 宇宙空間に存在する高エネルギーの放射線「宇宙線」を研究しています。「アマテラス粒子」に代表される、宇宙磁場でほとんど曲げられない100エクサ電子ボルトを超えるエネルギーをもつ「極高エネルギー宇宙線」を観測することで、その起源および加速機構の解明を目指しています。国際共同実験によって、宇宙線検出器の観測運用や装置開発、データ解析、そして得られた結果の物理的解釈を進めています。

Professional Memberships

  • THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

  • THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

Awards

  • 大阪公立大学 学長表彰

    藤井俊博

    2025.10  

  • 公立大学法人大阪 理事長表彰

    藤井俊博

    2024.11  

  • The 42nd Osaka Science Prize

    2024.09  

  • 大阪公立大学 若手研究者奨励賞 基礎科学部門

    藤井俊博

    2024.07  

  • 大阪公立大学 南部陽一郎記念若手奨励賞

    藤井俊博

    2024.07  

Job Career (off-campus)

  • Osaka Metropolitan University

    2022.04 - Now

Papers

  • Detection of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays in the southern hemisphere with FAST: Data acquisition and preliminary results Reviewed

    Jakub Kmec, Petr Boril, Fraser Bradfield, Karel Cerny, Ladislav Chytka, Toshihiro Fujii, Pavel Horvath, Miroslav Hrabovsky, Vlastimil Jilek, Jiri Kvita, Massimo Mastrodicasa, John N. Matthews, Stanislav Michal, Marcus Niechciol, Libor Nozka, Miroslav Palatka, Miroslav Pech, Paolo Privitera, Francesco Salamida, Shunsuke Sakurai, Petr Schovanek, Radomir Smida, Zuzana Svozilikova, Haruka Tachibana, Akimichi Taketa, Stan B. Thomas, Petr Travnicek, Martin Vacula, Jiri Zahora, Dusan Mandat, Petr Hamal

    Results in Engineering   30   2026.06

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1016/j.rineng.2026.110063

  • Cosmic ray mass composition measurement in the energy range from 10^{16.5}    eV to 10^{18.5}    eV observed with the TALE hybrid detector Reviewed

    R. U. Abbasi, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, F. Bradfield, I. Buckland, W. Campbell, B. G. Cheon, K. Endo, A. Fedynitch, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, M. Fukushima, G. Furlich, A. Gálvez Ureña, Z. Gerber, N. Globus, T. Hanaoka, W. Hanlon, N. Hayashida, H. He, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, D. Ikeda, D. Ivanov, S. Jeong, C. C. H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, Y. Kawachi, K. Kawata, I. Kharuk, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. W. Kim, R. Kobo, I. Komae, K. Komatsu, K. Komori, A. Korochkin, C. Koyama, M. Kudenko, M. Kuroiwa, Y. Kusumori, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, M. J. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, H. Matsushita, A. Matsuzawa, J. A. Matthews, J. N. Matthews, K. Mizuno, M. Mori, S. Nagataki, K. Nakagawa, M. Nakahara, H. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, T. Nakayama, Y. Nakayama, K. Nakazawa, T. Nonaka, S. Ogio, H. Ohoka, N. Okazaki, M. Onishi, A. Oshima, H. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, K. Y. Park, M. Potts, M. Przybylak, M. S. Pshirkov, J. Remington, C. Rott, G. I. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, N. Sakaki, R. Sakamoto, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, S. Sakurai, D. Sato, K. Sekino, T. Shibata, J. Shikita, H. Shimodaira, H. S. Shin, K. Shinozaki, J. D. Smith, P. Sokolsky, B. T. Stokes, T. A. Stroman, H. Tachibana, K. Takahashi, M. Takeda, R. Takeishi, A. Taketa, M. Takita, Y. Tameda, K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, M. Teramoto, S. B. Thomas, G. B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, T. Tomida, S. Troitsky, Y. Tsunesada, S. Udo, F. R. Urban, M. Vrábel, D. Warren, K. Yamazaki, Y. Zhezher, Z. Zundel, J. Zvirzdin

    Physical Review D   113 ( 6 )   2026.03（ ISSN:2470-0010 ） （ eISSN:2470-0029 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    We report on the cosmic ray mass composition measured by the Telescope Array Low-energy Extension (TALE) hybrid detector. The TALE detector consists of a fluorescence detector (FD) station with 10 FD telescopes located at the Telescope Array (TA) Middle Drum FD Station (itself made up of 14 FD telescopes), and a surface detector (SD) array of scintillators. The array consists of 40 SDs with 400 m spacing and 40 SDs with 600 m spacing. In this paper, we present results on the measurement of the depth of shower maxima ( X max ) in the energy range from 10 16.5     eV to 10 18.5     eV collected over five years of the TALE hybrid detector. The X max distributions were analyzed and compared with Monte Carlo simulations of proton, helium, nitrogen, and iron primaries, using the QGSJet II-04 hadronic interaction model. Our results indicate that the elongation rate of the mean X max , which is defined as the slope of ⟨ X max ⟩ versus cosmic ray energy, exhibits a break around 10 17     eV . Up to this energy, the composition becomes increasingly heavy, characterized by a growing dominance of heavy nuclei and a steadily decreasing fraction of light primaries. Beyond this energy, the proton fraction increases significantly with energy. These findings suggest a transition from Galactic to extra-Galactic cosmic ray sources around the so-called second knee.

    DOI： 10.1103/vrky-dxn7

    Other URL： http://harvest.aps.org/v2/journals/articles/10.1103/vrky-dxn7/fulltext

  • Search for Ultra-high-energy Neutrons from Galactic Sources with the Pierre Auger Observatory Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, A. Ambrosone, J. Ammerman Yebra, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, L. Andrade Dourado, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, A. Baluta, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, M. Bianciotto, P. L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K. S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, F. Campuzano, J. Caraça-Valente, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, B. Čermáková, A. Cermenati, K. Cerny, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, R. Conceição, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P. J. Costa, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C. S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, E.-T. de Boone, B. de Errico, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, K. Denner Syrokvas, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, Y. Dominguez Ballesteros, Q. Dorosti, R. C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, T. Fehler, F. Feldbusch, A. Fernandes, M. Fernández Alonso, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, P. Filip, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, A. Franco, M. Freitas, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, B. García, C. Gaudu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, C. Glaser, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, M. Ismaiel, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Köhler, F. Krieger, M. Kubatova, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, N. Langner, N. Leal, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, J. P. Lundquist, M. Mallamaci, S. Mancuso, D. Mandat, P. Mantsch, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, M. A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, M. Mogarkar, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W. M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, A. Novikov, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L. A. Núñez, S. E. Nuza, J. Ochoa, M. Olegario, C. Oliveira, L. Östman, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, V. Pelgrims, E. E. Pereira Martins, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, C. Priyadarshi, M. Prouza, K. Pytel, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J. V. Reginatto Akim, A. Reuzki, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, E. Rodriguez, G. Rodriguez Fernandez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, P. Sampathkumar, N. San Martin, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Sedoski, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Šmída, S. Soares Sippert, P. Sommers, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, M. Tambone, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, C. Trimarelli, M. Tueros, M. Unger, R. Uzeiroska, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, I. Vaiman, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, P. van Dillen, E. Varela, V. Vašíčková, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, I. D. Vergara Quispe, S. Verpoest, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, S. Vorobiov, J. B. Vuta, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, M. Weitz, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik

    The Astrophysical Journal   999 ( 2 )   168 - 168   2026.03（ ISSN:0004-637X ） （ eISSN:1538-4357 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Abstract

    Deflections in the propagation of charged ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) caused by magnetic fields make the identification of their sources challenging. On the other hand, the arrival directions at Earth of neutrons point directly to their origin. The emission of UHECRs from a source is expected to be accompanied by the production of neutrons in its vicinity through interactions with ambient matter and radiation. Since free neutrons travel a mean distance d  kpc <sup>−1</sup>  = 9.2 ( E  EeV <sup>−1</sup> ) before decaying, a neutron flux in the EeV range could be detected on Earth from sources of UHECRs in our Galaxy. Using cosmic-ray data from Phase I of the Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we search for neutron fluxes from Galactic candidate sources. We select more than 1000 objects of astrophysical interest, stacking them into target sets. The targets all have decl. within the exposure of the Observatory, ranging from −90° up to +45° for energies above 1 EeV (and up to +20° for energies down to 0.1 EeV). Given that a neutron air shower is indistinguishable from a proton one, there is a significant background due to cosmic rays. A neutron flux from the direction of a candidate source would be identified by a celestial density of events that significantly exceeds the expected density of cosmic rays for that direction. No significant excess is found at any tested target direction, and an upper limit on the neutron flux is calculated for each candidate source.

    DOI： 10.3847/1538-4357/ae3f05

    Other URL： https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae3f05/pdf

  • Analysis of Inclined Air Shower Events Observed by the TA SD and the TA×4 SD

    Abbasi R.U.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • The Optical Sensor for IceCube-Gen2

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • The IceCube-Gen2 Project

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • The Global Cosmic Ray Observatory – Challenging next-generation multi-messenger astronomy with interdisciplinary research

    Fujii T.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Tests of anomalous correlations between ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and BL Lac type objects with the Telescope Array data

    Abbasi R.U.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Sustainability and Environmental Impact of IceCube-Gen2

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Study of air shower reconstruction with asymmetric lateral distribution function for TA×4 SD

    Abbasi R.U.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Simulation study of lateral distribution properties of ultra-high energy cosmic ray air showers for the Telescope Array

    Shinozaki K.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Recent Progress of the Telescope Array Experiment

    Shinozaki K.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Optical Properties of the Fluorescence Detector in the Telescope Array Experiment Using the Opt-copter

    Abbasi R.U.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Optical Emissions Associated with Terrestrial Gamma-ray and Lightning Flashes at the Telescope Array Detector

    Abbasi R.U.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Neutrino Search by TA SD

    Shinozaki K.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Medium-scale anisotropies measured by Telescope Array surface detectors

    Abbasi R.U.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Mass Composition Measurement with the TALE Hybrid Detector

    Abbasi R.U.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Machine Learning Tools for the IceCube-Gen2 Optical Array

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Machine learning driven reconstruction of cosmic-ray air showers for next generation radio arrays

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Features in the Cosmic Ray Energy Spectrum Observed with Telescope Array Surface Detectors

    Abbasi R.U.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Evaluation of the systematic uncertainties of the cosmic ray energy spectrum measured by the Telescope Array surface detector array

    Abbasi R.U.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Cosmic-Ray Physics in the PeV to EeV Energy Range with the IceCube-Gen2 Surface Array

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Atmospheric monitoring by star signal analysis using a CMOS camera system for the Telescope Array Project

    Abbasi R.U.

    Proceedings of Science   501   2025.12

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  • Measuring the muon content of inclined air showers using AERA and the water-Cherenkov detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, A. Ambrosone, J. Ammerman Yebra, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, L. Andrade Dourado, S. Andringa, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, M. Bianciotto, P. L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K. S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, F. Campuzano, J. Caraça-Valente, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, B. Čermáková, A. Cermenati, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, R. Conceição, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P. J. Costa, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C. S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, E.-T. de Boone, B. de Errico, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J. C. dos Anjos, R. C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, T. Fehler, F. Feldbusch, A. Fernandes, M. Fernandez, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, P. Filip, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, A. Franco, M. Freitas, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, B. García, C. Gaudu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, M. Ismaiel, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Köhler, F. Krieger, M. Kubatova, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, N. Langner, N. Leal, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, J. P. Lundquist, M. Mallamaci, D. Mandat, P. Mantsch, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, M. A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, M. Mogarkar, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W. M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, A. Novikov, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L. A. Núñez, J. Ochoa, C. Oliveira, L. Östman, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, V. Pelgrims, L. A. S. Pereira, E. E. Pereira Martins, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, C. Priyadarshi, M. Prouza, K. Pytel, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J. V. Reginatto Akim, A. Reuzki, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, E. Rodriguez, G. Rodriguez Fernandez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, P. Sampathkumar, N. San Martin, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Sedoski, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, K. Syrokvas, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, M. Tambone, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, M. Tueros, M. Unger, R. Uzeiroska, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, I. Vaiman, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, P. van Dillen, E. Varela, V. Vašíčková, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, I. D. Vergara Quispe, S. Verpoest, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, J. B. Vuta, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, M. Weitz, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik

    Physical Review D   112 ( 12 )   2025.12（ ISSN:2470-0010 ） （ eISSN:2470-0029 ）

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    We present a novel approach for assessing the muon content of air showers with large zenith angles on a combined analysis of their radio emission and particle footprint. We use the radiation energy reconstructed by the Auger engineering radio array (AERA) as an energy estimator and determine the muon number independently with the water-Cherenkov detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory, deployed on a 1500 m grid. We focus our analysis on air showers with primary energy above 4 EeV to ensure full detection efficiency. Over approximately ten years of accumulated data, we identify a set of 40 high-quality events that are used in the analysis. The estimated muon contents in data are compatible with those for iron primaries as predicted by current-generation hadronic interaction models. This result can be interpreted as a deficit of muons in simulations as a lighter mass composition has been established from X max measurements. This muon deficit was already observed in previous analyses of the Auger Collaboration and is confirmed using hybrid events that include radio measurements for the first time.

    DOI： 10.1103/2q9f-pbrp

    Other URL： http://harvest.aps.org/v2/journals/articles/10.1103/2q9f-pbrp/fulltext

  • Energy Spectrum of Ultrahigh-Energy Cosmic Rays across Declinations -90° to +44.8° as Measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, A. Ambrosone, J. Ammerman Yebra, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, L. Andrade Dourado, S. Andringa, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, M. Bianciotto, P. L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K. S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, F. Campuzano, J. Caraça-Valente, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, B. Čermáková, A. Cermenati, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, R. Conceição, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P. J. Costa, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C. S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, E.-T. de Boone, B. de Errico, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J. C. dos Anjos, R. C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, T. Fehler, F. Feldbusch, A. Fernandes, M. Fernandez, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, P. Filip, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, A. Franco, M. Freitas, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, B. García, C. Gaudu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, M. Ismaiel, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Köhler, F. Krieger, M. Kubatova, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, N. Langner, N. Leal, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, J. P. Lundquist, M. Mallamaci, D. Mandat, P. Mantsch, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, M. A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, M. Mogarkar, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W. M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, A. Novikov, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L. A. Núñez, J. Ochoa, C. Oliveira, L. Östman, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, V. Pelgrims, L. A. S. Pereira, E. E. Pereira Martins, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, C. Priyadarshi, M. Prouza, K. Pytel, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J. V. Reginatto Akim, A. Reuzki, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, E. Rodriguez, G. Rodriguez Fernandez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, P. Sampathkumar, N. San Martin, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Sedoski, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, K. Syrokvas, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, M. Tambone, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, M. Tueros, M. Unger, R. Uzeiroska, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, I. Vaiman, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, P. van Dillen, E. Varela, V. Vašíčková, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, I. D. Vergara Quispe, S. Verpoest, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, J. B. Vuta, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, M. Weitz, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik

    Physical Review Letters   135 ( 24 )   2025.12（ ISSN:0031-9007 ） （ eISSN:1079-7114 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1103/p4l5-hxlf

    Other URL： https://link.aps.org/article/10.1103/p4l5-hxlf

  • Long-term calibration and validation of stability of the Auger Engineering Radio Array using the diffuse Galactic radio emission Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, A. Ambrosone, J. Ammerman Yebra, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, L. Andrade Dourado, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, E. Arnone, J.C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, Y. Balibrea, A. Baluta, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, J.P. Behler, C. Berat, M.E. Bertaina, M. Bianciotto, P.L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P.G. Brichetto Orquera, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K.S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, J. Caraça-Valente, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, B. Čermáková, A. Cermenati, K. Cerny, J.A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R.W. Clay, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, R. Conceição, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P.J. Costa, C.E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C.S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B.R. Dawson, R.M. de Almeida, E.-T. de Boone, B. de Errico, J. de Jesús, S.J. de Jong, J.R.T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, K. Denner Syrokvas, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, C. Dobrigkeit, J.C. D'Olivo, L.M. Domingues Mendes, Y. Dominguez Ballesteros, Q. Dorosti, R.C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A.C. Fauth, T. Fehler, F. Feldbusch, A. Fernandes, M. Fernández Alonso, B. Fick, J.M. Figueira, P. Filip, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, A. Franco, M. Freitas, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, B. García, C. Gaudu, P.L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, C. Glaser, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, P.F. Gómez Vitale, J.P. Gongora, J.M. González, N. González, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, F. Guarino, G.P. Guedes, Y.C. Guerra, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M.R. Hampel, P. Hansen, V.M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J.R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P.G. Isar, M. Ismaiel, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V.V. Kizakke Covilakam, H.O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Köhler, F. Krieger, M. Kubatova, N. Kunka, B.L. Lago, N. Langner, N. Leal, M.A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, J.P. Lundquist, M. Mallamaci, S. Mancuso, D. Mandat, P. Mantsch, A.G. Mariazzi, I.C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, O. Martínez Bravo, M.A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P.O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M.I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, M. Mogarkar, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W.M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, A. Novikov, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L.A. Núñez, S.E. Nuza, J. Ochoa, M. Olegario, C. Oliveira, L. Östman, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, V. Pelgrims, E.E. Pereira Martins, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, B. Pont, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, C. Priyadarshi, M. Prouza, K. Pytel, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J.V. Reginatto Akim, A. Reuzki, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, E. Rodriguez, G. Rodriguez Fernandez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A.C. Rovero, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, P. Sampathkumar, N. San Martin, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, F.M. Sánchez Rodriguez, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F.G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S.J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Sedoski, S. Sehgal, S.U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Šmída, S. Soares Sippert, P. Sommers, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A.D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, M. Tambone, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C.J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, C. Trimarelli, M. Tueros, M. Unger, R. Uzeiroska, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, I. Vaiman, J.F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, P. van Dillen, E. Varela, V. Vašíčková, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, I.D. Vergara Quispe, S. Verpoest, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, S. Vorobiov, J.B. Vuta, C. Watanabe, A.A. Watson, A. Weindl, M. Weitz, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik

    Journal of Instrumentation   20 ( 12 )   P12017 - P12017   2025.12（ eISSN:1748-0221 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Abstract

    The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) measures radio emission from high-energy extensive air showers. Consisting of 153 autonomous radio-detector stations spread over 17 km^2, it detects radio waves in the frequency range of 30 to 80 MHz. Accurate characterization of the detector response is crucial for proper interpretation of the collected data. Previously, this was achieved through laboratory measurements of the analog chain and simulations and measurements of the antenna's directional response. In this paper, we perform an absolute calibration using the continuously monitored sidereal modulation of the diffuse Galactic radio emission. Calibration is done by comparing the average frequency spectra recorded by the stations with predictions from seven different models of the full radio sky, accounting for the system response, which includes the antenna, filters, and amplifiers. The analysis of the calibration constants over a period of seven years shows no relevant and no significant ageing effect in the AERA antennas. This result confirms the long-term stability of the detector stations and demonstrates the possibility for a radio detector to effectively monitor ageing effects of other detectors operating over extended periods.

    DOI： 10.1088/1748-0221/20/12/p12017

    Other URL： https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-0221/20/12/P12017/pdf

  • Quasi‐Constant Time Gap in Multiple Rings of Elves Reviewed

    Earth and Space Science   12 ( 10 )   2025.10（ ISSN:2333-5084 ） （ eISSN:2333-5084 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Abstract

    We present evidence that the time delay between the multiple rings of elves is not caused by the ground reflection of the electromagnetic pulse produced by intracloud lightning. To investigate temporal differences of multi‐elves, we analyzed data from four storms occurring at various times and distances from the Pierre Auger Observatory in Malargüe, Argentina. The Auger fluorescence detector's high temporal resolution of 100 ns enabled the frequent observation of multi‐elves, accounting for approximately 23% of the events. By examining the traces of 70 double and 24 triple elves, we demonstrate that the time delay between the rings remains relatively constant regardless of the arc distance to the lightning. These results deviate from the trend expected from the electromagnetic pulse (EMP) ground reflection model, which predicts a decreasing time delay with increasing arc distance from an intracloud lightning at a given height. The first emission ring is due to a direct path of the EMP to the ionosphere, with the reflected EMP creating the second ring. Simulations conducted with this model demonstrate that short energetic in‐cloud pulses can generate four‐peak elves, and a temporal resolution of at least 25 s is required to separate them. Therefore, temporal resolution is crucial in the study of multi‐elves. Our observations in the Córdoba province, central Argentina, indicate that the current understanding of the mechanism generating these phenomena may be incomplete, and further studies are needed to assess whether multi‐elves are more likely related to the waveform shape of the lightning than to its altitude.

    DOI： 10.1029/2025ea004321

  • Time‐Resolved Leader Spectra of Downward Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes Observed at the Telescope Array Surface Detector Reviewed

    N. Kieu, R. U. Abbasi, M. M. F. Saba, P. R. Krehbiel, F. J. Gordillo‐Vazquez, M. A. Stanley, D. R. da Silva, J. W. Belz, T. Warner, W. Rison, D. Rodeheffer, I. T. Cruz, D. Mazzucco, T. Knight, J. Remington, J. Mazich, R. LeVon, K. Smout, A. Petrizze, T. Abu‐Zayyad, M. Allen, D. R. Bergman, I. Buckland, W. Campbell, B. G. Cheon, K. Endo, A. Fedynitch, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, M. Fukushima, G. Furlich, Z. Gerber, N. Globus, W. Hanlon, N. Hayashida, H. He, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, D. Ikeda, T. Ishii, D. Ivanov, S. Jeong, C. C. H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, Y. Kawachi, K. Kawata, I. Kharuk, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. W. Kim, R. Kobo, I. Komae, K. Komatsu, K. Komori, C. Koyama, M. Kudenko, M. Kuroiwa, Y. Kusumori, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, M. J. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, A. Matsuzawa, H. Matsushita, J. A. Mathews, J. N. Matthews, K. Mizuno, M. Mori, M. Murakami, S. Nagataki, K. Nakagawa, M. Nakahara, T. Nakamura, T. Nakayama, Y. Nakayama, T. Nonaka, S. Ogio, H. Ohoka, N. Okazaki, M. Onishi, A. Oshima, H. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, K. Y. Park, M. Potts, M. Przybylak, M. S. Pshirkov, C. Rott, G. I. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, N. Sakaki, R. Sakamoto, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, S. Sakurai, D. Sato, S. Sato, K. Sekino, T. Shibata, J. Shikita, H. Shimodaira, H. S. Shin, B. K. Shin, K. Shinozaki, J. D. Smith, P. Sokolsky, B. T. Stokes, T. A. Stroman, H. Tachibana, Y. Takagi, K. Takahashi, M. Takeda, R. Takeishi, A. Taketa, M. Takita, Y. Tameda, K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, S. B. Thomas, G. B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, T. Tomida, S. Troitsky, Y. Tsunesada, S. Udo, F. Urban, I. A. Vaiman, M. Vrábel, D. Warren, K. Yamazaki, Y. Zhezher, Z. Zundel, J. Zvirzdin

    Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres   130 ( 16 )   2025.08（ ISSN:2169-897X ） （ eISSN:2169-8996 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Abstract

    The first time‐resolved leader spectra associated with a downward Terrestrial Gamma‐ray Flash (TGF) observed by the Telescope Array Surface Detector (TASD) were recently reported by Kieu et al. (2024, https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD041720). Building on that study, this paper presents the time‐resolved leader spectra of two additional downward TGFs detected by the TASDs. The first TGF, triggered once, occurred during the Initial Breakdown Pulses (IBPs) of a negative return stroke with a low peak current (18.5 kA). The second TGF, triggered twice, was detected during the initial leader stage of a high‐peak‐current (133.4 kA) return stroke. The electric field change (E‐change) waveform caused by the leader preceding this return stroke had a brief duration (1.2 ms) and lacked strong IBPs. These unusual characteristics suggest that this lightning flash may represent a distinct type of event associated with TGF detection not previously observed at the TASD. Most importantly, the optical emissions of both TGF events align with previous findings and show ion emission lines before and after TGF detections while only neutral emission lines were recorded at the moment of TGF detections.

    DOI： 10.1029/2025jd043812

  • The scintillator surface detector of the Pierre Auger observatory Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, A. Ambrosone, J. Ammerman Yebra, G.A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, L. Andrade Dourado, S. Andringa, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, E. Arnone, J.C. Arteaga Velázquez, R. Assiro, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, K.-H. Becker, J.A. Bellido, C. Berat, M.E. Bertaina, M. Bianciotto, P.L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, H. Bolz, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, T. Bretz, P.G. Brichetto Orchera, F.L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K.S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, F. Campuzano, J. Caraça-Valente, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, B. Čermáková, A. Cermenati, M. Chala, J.A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R.W. Clay, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, M.R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P.J. Costa, C.E. Covault, P. Creti, M. Cristinziani, C.S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B.R. Dawson, R.M. de Almeida, E.-T. de Boone, B. de Errico, J. de Jesús, S.J. de Jong, J.R.T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, C. Dobrigkeit, J.C. D'Olivo, L.M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J.C. dos Anjos, R.C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, R. Engel, A. Engels, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A.C. Fauth, T. Fehler, F. Feldbusch, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J.M. Figueira, P. Filip, A. Filipčič, G. Fiore, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, A. Franco, M. Freitas, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, W. Gaj, C. Galea, B. García, C. Gaudu, P.L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, T. Gieras, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P.F. Gómez Vitale, J.P. Gongora, J.M. González, N. González, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, F. Guarino, G.P. Guedes, E. Guido, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Halczyński, P. Hamal, M.R. Hampel, P. Hansen, V.M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, M. Heusch, C. Hojvat, J.R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P.G. Isar, M. Ismaiel, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, J. Kemp, H. Kern, A. Khakurdikar, V.V. Kizakke Covilakam, H.O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Köhler, M. Korntheuer, A. Korporaal, F. Krieger, M. Kubatova, N. Kunka, R. Kupper, B.L. Lago, E. Lagorio, N. Langner, N. Leal, M.A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, J. Ludwin, J.P. Lundquist, M. Mallamaci, D. Mandat, P. Mantsch, F.M. Mariani, A.G. Mariazzi, I.C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, M.A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P.O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, M. Merschmeyer, C. Merx, A. Miccoli, S. Michal, J. Michałowski, M.I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, M. Mogarkar, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W.M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, A. Novikov, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L.A. Núñez, J. Ochoa, C. Oliveira, L. Östman, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, V. Pelgrims, L.A.S. Pereira, E.E. Pereira Martins, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, D. Pfeifer, B. Philipps, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, C. Priyadarshi, M. Prouza, K. Pytel, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J.V. Reginatto Akim, A. Reuzki, J. Ridky, M. Riegel, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, E. Rodriguez, G. Rodriguez Fernandez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A.C. Rovero, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, P. Sampathkumar, N. San Martin, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E.M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F.G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. Schumacher, S.J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Sedoski, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S.U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A.D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, J. Świerblewski, K. Syrokvas, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, M. Tambone, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C.J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, M. Toron, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, M. Tueros, M. Unger, R. Uzeiroska, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, I. Vaiman, J.F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, P. van Dillen, E. Varela, V. Vašíčková, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, I.D. Vergara Quispe, S. Verpoest, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, J.B. Vuta, C. Watanabe, A. Weindl, M. Weitz, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, G. Wörner, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, F.-P. Zantis, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik

    Journal of Instrumentation   20 ( 08 )   P08002 - P08002   2025.08（ eISSN:1748-0221 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Abstract

    Data collected so far by the Pierre Auger Observatory have enabled major advances in ultra-high energy cosmic ray physics and demonstrated that improved determination of masses of primary cosmic-ray particles, preferably on an event-by-event basis, is necessary for understanding their origin and nature. Improvement in primary mass measurements was the main motivation for the upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory, called AugerPrime. As part of this upgrade, scintillator detectors are added to the existing water-Cherenkov surface detector stations. By making use of the differences in detector response to the electromagnetic particles and muons between scintillator and water-Cherenkov detectors, the electromagnetic and muonic components of cosmic-ray air showers can be disentangled. Since the muonic component is sensitive to the primary mass, such combination of detectors provides a powerful way to improve primary mass composition measurements over the original Auger surface detector design. In this paper, the so-called Scintillator Surface Detectors are discussed, including their design characteristics, production process, testing procedure and deployment in the field.

    DOI： 10.1088/1748-0221/20/08/p08002

    Other URL： https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-0221/20/08/P08002/pdf

  • Scaler Rates from the Pierre Auger Observatory: A New Proxy of Solar Activity Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, A. Ambrosone, J. Ammerman Yebra, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, L. Andrade Dourado, S. Andringa, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, M. Bianciotto, P. L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K. S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, F. Campuzano, J. Caraça-Valente, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, B. Čermáková, A. Cermenati, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P. J. Costa, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C. S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, E.-T. de Boone, B. de Errico, J. de Jesús, S.J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J. C. dos Anjos, R. C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, T. Fehler, F. Feldbusch, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, P. Filip, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, M. Freitas, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, B. García, C. Gaudu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Köhler, F. Krieger, M. Kubatova, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, N. Langner, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, J. P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, M. Mallamaci, D. Mandat, B. C. Manning, P. Mantsch, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, M. A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, M. Mogarkar, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W. M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, A. Novikov, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L. A. Núñez, J. Ochoa, C. Oliveira, L. Östman, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, V. Pelgrims, L. A. S. Pereira, E. E. Pereira Martins, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, K. Pytel, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J. V. Reginatto Akim, A. Reuzki, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, E. Rodriguez, G. Rodriguez Fernandez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A.C. Rovero, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, P. Sampathkumar, N. San Martin, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Sedoski, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, M. Tueros, M. Unger, R. Uzeiroska, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, I. Vaiman, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, V. Vašíčková, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, I. D. Vergara Quispe, S. Verpoest, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, J. B. Vuta, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, M. Weitz, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, I. Bizzarri, C. Dionese, S. Mancuso

    The Astrophysical Journal   987 ( 1 )   41 - 41   2025.06（ ISSN:0004-637X ） （ eISSN:1538-4357 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Abstract

    The modulation of low-energy galactic cosmic rays reflects interplanetary magnetic field variations and can provide useful information on solar activity. An array of ground-surface detectors can reveal the secondary particles, which originate from the interaction of cosmic rays with the atmosphere. In this work, we present an investigation of the low-threshold rate (scaler) time series recorded in 16 yr of operation by the Pierre Auger Observatory surface detectors in Malargüe, Argentina. Through an advanced spectral analysis, we detected highly statistically significant variations in the time series with periods ranging from the decadal to the daily scale. We investigate their origin, revealing a direct connection with solar variability. Thanks to their intrinsic very low noise level, the Auger scalers allow a thorough and detailed investigation of the galactic cosmic-ray flux variations in the heliosphere at different timescales and can, therefore, be considered a new proxy of solar variability.

    DOI： 10.3847/1538-4357/adccc3

    Other URL： https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/adccc3/pdf

  • The Distribution of Ultrahigh-energy Cosmic Rays along the Supergalactic Plane Measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, J. Ammerman Yebra, G.A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, Anukriti, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, E. Arnone, J.C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, J.A. Bellido, C. Berat, M.E. Bertaina, G. Bhatta, M. Bianciotto, P.L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P.G. Brichetto Orchera, F.L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K.S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, A. Cermenati, J.A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R.W. Clay, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, A. Coleman, M.R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P.J. Costa, C.E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C.S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B.R. Dawson, R.M. de Almeida, J. de Jesús, S.J. de Jong, J.R.T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, B.P. de Souza de Errico, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, M. Dobre, C. Dobrigkeit, J.C. D’Olivo, L.M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J.C. dos Anjos, R.C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, J. Farmer, G. Farrar, A.C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J.M. Figueira, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, C. Galelli, B. García, C. Gaudu, H. Gemmeke, F. Gesualdi, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P.L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P.F. Gómez Vitale, J.P. Gongora, J.M. González, N. González, I. Goos, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, T.D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G.P. Guedes, E. Guido, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M.R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, V.M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J.R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P.G. Isar, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, J.A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V.V. Kizakke Covilakam, H.O. Klages, M. Kleifges, F. Knapp, J. Köhler, N. Kunka, B.L. Lago, N. Langner, M.A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, L. Lu, Q. Luce, J.P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, M. Majercakova, D. Mandat, B.C. Manning, P. Mantsch, S. Marafico, F.M. Mariani, A.G. Mariazzi, I.C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, O. Martínez Bravo, M.A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P.O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M.I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, C. Morello, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W.M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L.A. Núñez, C. Oliveira, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pekala, R. Pelayo, L.A.S. Pereira, E.E. Pereira Martins, J. Perez Armand, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, A. Puyleart, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J.V. Reginatto Akim, M. Reininghaus, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, E. Rodriguez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M.J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A.C. Rovero, P. Ruehl, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E.M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, C.M. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F.G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S.J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S.U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Smau, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, J.F. Soriano, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A.D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C.J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, C. Trimarelli, M. Tueros, M. Unger, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, J.F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, C. Ventura, I.D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, C. Watanabe, A.A. Watson, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik

    The Astrophysical Journal   984 ( 2 )   123 - 123   2025.05（ ISSN:0004-637X ） （ eISSN:1538-4357 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Abstract

    Ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays are known to be mainly of extragalactic origin, and their propagation is limited by energy losses, so their arrival directions are expected to correlate with the large-scale structure of the local Universe. In this work, we investigate the possible presence of intermediate-scale excesses in the flux of the most energetic cosmic rays from the direction of the supergalactic plane region using events with energies above 20 EeV recorded with the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory up to 2022 December 31, with a total exposure of 135,000 km<sup>2</sup> sr yr. The strongest indication for an excess that we find, with a posttrial significance of 3.1σ, is in the Centaurus region, as in our previous reports, and it extends down to lower energies than previously studied. We do not find any strong hints of excesses from any other region of the supergalactic plane at the same angular scale. In particular, our results do not confirm the reports by the Telescope Array Collaboration of excesses from two regions in the Northern Hemisphere at the edge of the field of view of the Pierre Auger Observatory. With a comparable integrated exposure over these regions, our results there are in good agreement with the expectations from an isotropic distribution.

    DOI： 10.3847/1538-4357/adbdc5

    Other URL： https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/adbdc5/pdf

  • Search for a diffuse flux of photons with energies above tens of PeV at the Pierre Auger Observatory Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, A. Ambrosone, J. Ammerman Yebra, G.A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, L. Andrade Dourado, S. Andringa, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, E. Arnone, J.C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, J.A. Bellido, C. Berat, M.E. Bertaina, M. Bianciotto, P.L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P.G. Brichetto Orchera, F.L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K.S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, F. Campuzano, J. Caraça-Valente, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, B. Čermáková, A. Cermenati, J.A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R.W. Clay, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, R. Conceição, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P.J. Costa, C.E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C.S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B.R. Dawson, R.M. de Almeida, E.-T. de Boone, B. de Errico, J. de Jesús, S.J. de Jong, J.R.T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, C. Dobrigkeit, J.C. D'Olivo, L.M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J.C. dos Anjos, R.C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A.C. Fauth, T. Fehler, F. Feldbusch, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J.M. Figueira, P. Filip, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, M. Freitas, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, B. García, C. Gaudu, P.L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P.F. Gómez Vitale, J.P. Gongora, J.M. González, N. González, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, F. Guarino, G.P. Guedes, E. Guido, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M.R. Hampel, P. Hansen, V.M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J.R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P.G. Isar, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V.V. Kizakke Covilakam, H.O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Köhler, F. Krieger, M. Kubatova, N. Kunka, B.L. Lago, N. Langner, M.A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, J.P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, M. Mallamaci, D. Mandat, B.C. Manning, P. Mantsch, F.M. Mariani, A.G. Mariazzi, I.C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, M.A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P.O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M.I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, M. Mogarkar, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W.M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, A. Novikov, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L.A. Núñez, J. Ochoa, C. Oliveira, L. Östman, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, V. Pelgrims, L.A.S. Pereira, E.E. Pereira Martins, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, K. Pytel, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J.V. Reginatto Akim, A. Reuzki, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, E. Rodriguez, G. Rodriguez Fernandez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A.C. Rovero, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, P. Sampathkumar, N. San Martin, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E.M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F.G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S.J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Sedoski, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S.U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A.D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C.J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, M. Tueros, M. Unger, R. Uzeiroska, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, I. Vaiman, J.F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, V. Vašíčková, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, I.D. Vergara Quispe, S. Verpoest, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, J.B. Vuta, C. Watanabe, A.A. Watson, A. Weindl, M. Weitz, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik

    Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics   2025 ( 05 )   061 - 061   2025.05（ eISSN:1475-7516 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Abstract

    Diffuse photons of energy above 0.1 PeV, produced through the interactions between cosmic rays and either interstellar matter or background radiation fields, are powerful tracers of the distribution of cosmic rays in the Galaxy. Furthermore, the measurement of a diffuse photon flux would be an important probe to test models of super-heavy dark matter decaying into gamma-rays. In this work, we search for a diffuse photon flux in the energy range between 50 PeV and 200 PeV using data from the Pierre Auger Observatory. For the first time, we combine the air-shower measurements from a 2 km<sup>2</sup> surface array consisting of 19 water-Cherenkov surface detectors, spaced at 433 m, with the muon measurements from an array of buried scintillators placed in the same area. Using 15 months of data, collected while the array was still under construction, we derive upper limits to the integral photon flux ranging from 13.3 to 13.8 km<sup>-2</sup> sr<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup> above tens of PeV. We extend the Pierre Auger Observatory photon search program towards lower energies, covering more than three decades of cosmic-ray energy. This work lays the foundation for future diffuse photon searches: with the data from the next 10 years of operation of the Observatory, this limit is expected to improve by a factor of ∼20.

    DOI： 10.1088/1475-7516/2025/05/061

    Other URL： https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/05/061/pdf

  • Measurement of cosmic-ray energy spectrum with the TALE detector in hybrid mode

    Oshima H.

    Proceedings of Science   484   2025.04

  • Analysis of Inclined Air Shower Events Observed by the TA×4 SD

    Koyama C.

    Proceedings of Science   484   2025.04

  • Calibration of the TA Fluorescence Detectors and Systematic Uncertainties in UHECR Analysis

    Tomida T.

    Proceedings of Science   484   2025.04

  • Cosmic Ray Composition Measurement between 3 PeV to 30 PeV with the TALE Hybrid Detector

    Fujita K.

    Proceedings of Science   484   2025.04

  • Development of an analysis method for neutrino-induced air showers with the Telescope Array surface detectors

    Takahashi K.

    Proceedings of Science   484   2025.04

  • Latest updates and results from the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST)

    Bradfield F.

    Proceedings of Science   484   2025.04

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  • Measurement of cosmic rays with energies down to the PeV region using the TALE-infill SD array

    Kawachi Y.

    Proceedings of Science   484   2025.04

  • Search for the Anomalous Events Detected by ANITA Using the Pierre Auger Observatory Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, J. Ammerman Yebra, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, P. R. Araújo Ferreira, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, G. Bhatta, M. Bianciotto, P. L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K. S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, F. Campuzano, I. Caracas, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, A. Cermenati, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P. J. Costa, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C. S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, B. P. de Souza de Errico, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, M. Dobre, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J. C. dos Anjos, R. C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, C. Galelli, B. García, C. Gaudu, H. Gemmeke, F. Gesualdi, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, T. D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, J. A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, F. Knapp, J. Köhler, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, N. Langner, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, L. Lu, Q. Luce, J. P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, M. Majercakova, D. Mandat, B. C. Manning, P. Mantsch, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, O. Martínez Bravo, M. A. Martins, M. Mastrodicasa, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, C. Morello, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W. M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L. A. Núñez, C. Oliveira, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, L. A. S. Pereira, E. E. Pereira Martins, J. Perez Armand, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J. V. Reginatto Akim, M. Reininghaus, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, E. Rodriguez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, P. Ruehl, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, C. M. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Sedoski, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Smau, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, J. F. Soriano, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, C. Trimarelli, M. Tueros, M. Unger, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, C. Ventura, I. D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, R. Prechelt, A. Romero-Wolf, S. Wissel, A. Zeolla

    Physical Review Letters   134 ( 12 )   2025.03（ ISSN:00319007 ） （ eISSN:1079-7114 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    A dedicated search for upward-going air showers at zenith angles exceeding 110° and energies E&gt;0.1  EeV has been performed using the Fluorescence Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The search is motivated by two “anomalous” radio pulses observed by the ANITA flights I and III that appear inconsistent with the standard model of particle physics. Using simulations of both regular cosmic-ray showers and upward-going events, a selection procedure has been defined to separate potential upward-going candidate events and the corresponding exposure has been calculated in the energy range [0.1–33] EeV. One event has been found in the search period between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2018, consistent with an expected background of 0.27±0.12 events from misreconstructed cosmic-ray showers. This translates to an upper bound on the integral flux of (7.2±0.2)×10−21  cm−2 sr−1 y−1 and (3.6±0.2)×10−20  cm−2 sr−1 y−1 for an E−1 and E−2 spectrum, respectively. An upward-going flux of showers normalized to the ANITA observations is shown to predict over 34 events for an E−3 spectrum and over 8.1 events for a conservative E−5 spectrum, in strong disagreement with the interpretation of the anomalous events as upward-going showers.

    DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.121003

    Other URL： http://harvest.aps.org/v2/journals/articles/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.121003/fulltext

  • Measurement of the depth of maximum of air-shower profiles with energies between 10^{18.5} and 10^{20} eV using the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory and deep learning Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, J. Ammerman Yebra, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, L. Andrade Dourado, S. Andringa, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, P. R. Araújo Ferreira, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, G. Bhatta, M. Bianciotto, P. L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K. S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, F. Campuzano, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, B. Čermáková, A. Cermenati, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P. J. Costa, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C. S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, B. de Errico, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, J. A. do, M. Dobre, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J. C. dos Anjos, R. C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, T. Fehler, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, P. Filip, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, B. García, C. Gaudu, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, J. A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, F. Knapp, J. Köhler, F. Krieger, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, N. Langner, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, L. Lu, Q. Luce, J. P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, M. Majercakova, D. Mandat, B. C. Manning, P. Mantsch, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, O. Martínez Bravo, M. A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W. M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L. A. Núñez, C. Oliveira, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, V. Pelgrims, L. A. S. Pereira, E. E. Pereira Martins, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J. V. Reginatto Akim, M. Reininghaus, A. Reuzki, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, E. Rodriguez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, C. M. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Sedoski, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Smau, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, M. Tueros, M. Unger, R. Uzeiroska, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, V. Vašíčková, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, I. D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik

    Physical Review D   111 ( 2 )   2025.02（ ISSN:24700010 ） （ eISSN:2470-0029 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    We report an investigation of the mass composition of cosmic rays with energies from 3 to 100 EeV (1  EeV=1018  eV) using the distributions of the depth of shower maximum Xmax. The analysis relies on ∼50,000 events recorded by the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory and a deep-learning-based reconstruction algorithm. Above energies of 5 EeV, the dataset offers a 10-fold increase in statistics with respect to fluorescence measurements at the Observatory. After cross-calibration using the fluorescence detector, this enables the first measurement of the evolution of the mean and the standard deviation of the Xmax distributions up to 100 EeV. Our findings are threefold: (i) The evolution of the mean logarithmic mass toward a heavier composition with increasing energy can be confirmed and is extended to 100 EeV. (ii) The evolution of the fluctuations of Xmax toward a heavier and purer composition with increasing energy can be confirmed with high statistics. We report a rather heavy composition and small fluctuations in Xmax at the highest energies. (iii) We find indications for a characteristic structure beyond a constant change in the mean logarithmic mass, featuring three breaks that are observed in proximity to the ankle, instep, and suppression features in the energy spectrum.

    DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevD.111.022003

    Other URL： http://harvest.aps.org/v2/journals/articles/10.1103/PhysRevD.111.022003/fulltext

  • Inference of the Mass Composition of Cosmic Rays with Energies from 10^{18.5} to 10^{20} eV Using the Pierre Auger Observatory and Deep Learning Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, J. Ammerman Yebra, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, L. Andrade Dourado, S. Andringa, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, P. R. Araújo Ferreira, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, G. Bhatta, M. Bianciotto, P. L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K. S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, F. Campuzano, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, B. Čermáková, A. Cermenati, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P. J. Costa, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C. S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, B. de Errico, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, J. A. do, M. Dobre, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J. C. dos Anjos, R. C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, T. Fehler, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, P. Filip, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, B. García, C. Gaudu, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, J. A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, F. Knapp, J. Köhler, F. Krieger, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, N. Langner, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, L. Lu, Q. Luce, J. P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, M. Majercakova, D. Mandat, B. C. Manning, P. Mantsch, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, O. Martínez Bravo, M. A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W. M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L. A. Núñez, C. Oliveira, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, V. Pelgrims, L. A. S. Pereira, E. E. Pereira Martins, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J. V. Reginatto Akim, M. Reininghaus, A. Reuzki, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, E. Rodriguez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, C. M. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Sedoski, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Smau, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, M. Tueros, M. Unger, R. Uzeiroska, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, V. Vašíčková, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, I. D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik

    Physical Review Letters   134 ( 2 )   2025.01（ ISSN:00319007 ） （ eISSN:1079-7114 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    We present measurements of the atmospheric depth of the shower maximum Xmax, inferred for the first time on an event-by-event level using the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. Using deep learning, we were able to extend measurements of the Xmax distributions up to energies of 100 EeV (1020  eV), not yet revealed by current measurements, providing new insights into the mass composition of cosmic rays at extreme energies. Gaining a 10-fold increase in statistics compared to the fluorescence detector data, we find evidence that the rate of change of the average Xmax with the logarithm of energy features three breaks at 6.5±0.6(stat)±1(syst)  EeV, 11±2(stat)±1(syst)  EeV, and 31±5(stat)±3(syst)  EeV, in the vicinity to the three prominent features (ankle, instep, suppression) of the cosmic-ray flux. The energy evolution of the mean and standard deviation of the measured Xmax distributions indicates that the mass composition becomes increasingly heavier and purer, thus being incompatible with a large fraction of light nuclei between 50 and 100 EeV.

    DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.021001

    Other URL： http://harvest.aps.org/v2/journals/articles/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.021001/fulltext

  • The Pierre Auger Observatory open data

    Zavrtanik M.

    European Physical Journal C   85 ( 1 )   2025.01（ ISSN:14346044 ）

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  • Intermediate Fluence Downward Terrestrial Gamma Ray Flashes as Observed by the Telescope Array Surface Detector Reviewed

    R. U. Abbasi, N. Kieu, P. R. Krehbiel, J. W. Belz, M. M.F. Saba, W. Rison, M. A. Stanley, D. Rodeheffer, D. Mazzucco, T. Knight, D. R. da Silva, I. T. Cruz, J. Remington, J. Mazich, R. LeVon, K. Smout, A. Petrizze, E. Mattos, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, R. Arimura, E. Barcikowski, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, I. Buckland, B. G. Cheon, M. Chikawa, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, R. Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, G. Furlich, N. Globus, R. Gonzalez, W. Hanlon, N. Hayashida, H. He, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, H. Iwakura, A. Iwasaki, H. M. Jeong, S. Jeong, C. C.H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, S. Kasami, S. Kawakami, K. Kawata, I. Kharuk, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. W. Kim, Y. Kimura, I. Komae, Y. Kubota, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, T. Matsuyama, J. N. Matthews, R. Mayta, I. Myers, S. Nagataki, K. Nakai, R. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, A. Nakazawa, E. Nishio, T. Nonaka, S. Ogio, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, Y. Oku, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Ono, A. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, M. Potts, M. S. Pshirkov, D. C. Rodriguez, C. Rott, G. I. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa

    Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres   129 ( 24 )   2024.12（ ISSN:2169-897X ） （ eISSN:2169-8996 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1029/2024JD041260

  • First Time‐Resolved Leader Spectra Associated With a Downward Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flash Detected at the Telescope Array Surface Detector Reviewed

    N. Kieu, R. U. Abbasi, M. M. F. Saba, J. W. Belz, P. R. Krehbiel, M. A. Stanley, F. J. Gordillo‐Vazquez, M. Passas‐Varo, T. Warner, W. Rison, D. Rodeheffer, D. R. da Silva, D. Mazzucco, T. Knight, I. T. Cruz, J. Remington, J. Mazich, R. LeVon, K. Smout, A. Petrizze, T. Abu‐Zayyad, M. Allen, D. R. Bergman, I. Buckland, W. Campbell, B. G. Cheon, K. Endo, A. Fedynitch, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, M. Fukushima, G. Furlich, Z. Gerber, N. Globus, W. Hanlon, N. Hayashida, H. He, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, D. Ikeda, T. Ishii, D. Ivanov, S. Jeong, C. C. H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, Y. Kawachi, K. Kawata, I. Kharuk, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, JiHee Kim, JiHyun Kim, S. W. Kim, R. Kobo, I. Komae, K. Komatsu, K. Komori, C. Koyama, M. Kudenko, M. Kuroiwa, Y. Kusumori, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, M. J. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, A. Matsuzawa, J. A. Mathews, J. N. Matthews, K. Mizuno, M. Mori, M. Murakami, S. Nagataki, M. Nakahara, T. Nakamura, T. Nakayama, Y. Nakayama, T. Nonaka, S. Ogio, H. Ohoka, N. Okazaki, M. Onishi, A. Oshima, H. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, K. Y. Park, M. Potts, M. Przybylak, M. S. Pshirkov, C. Rott, G. I. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, N. Sakaki, R. Sakamoto, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, S. Sakurai, D. Sato, S. Sato, K. Sekino, T. Shibata, J. Shikita, H. Shimodaira, B. K. Shin, H. S. Shin, K. Shinozaki, J. D. Smith, P. Sokolsky, B. T. Stokes, T. A. Stroman, Y. Takagi, K. Takahashi, M. Takeda, R. Takeishi, A. Taketa, M. Takita, Y. Tameda, K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, S. B. Thomas, G. B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, T. Tomida, S. Troitsky, Y. Tsunesada, S. Udo, F. Urban, I. A. Vaiman, M. Vrábel, D. Warren, K. Yamazaki, Y. Zhezher, Z. Zundel, J. Zvirzdin

    Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres   129 ( 24 )   2024.12（ ISSN:2169-897X ） （ eISSN:2169-8996 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Abstract

    Optical emissions associated with Terrestrial Gamma ray Flashes (TGFs) have recently become important subjects in space‐based and ground‐based observations as they can help us understand how TGFs are produced during thunderstorms. In this paper, we present the first time‐resolved leader spectra of the optical component associated with a downward TGF. The TGF was observed by the Telescope Array Surface Detector (TASD) simultaneously with other lightning detectors, including a Lightning Mapping Array (LMA), an INTerFerometer (INTF), a Fast Antenna (FA), and a spectroscopic system. The spectroscopic system recorded leader spectra at 29,900 frames per second (33.44 s time resolution), covering a spectral range from 400 to 900 nm, with 2.1 nm per pixel. The recordings of the leader spectra began 11.7 ms before the kA return stroke and at a height of 2.37 km above the ground. These spectra reveal that optical emissions of singly ionized nitrogen and oxygen occur between 167 s before and 267 s after the TGF detection, while optical emissions of neutrals (H I, 656 nm; N I, 744 nm, and O I, 777 nm) occur right at the moment of the detection. The time‐dependent spectra reveal differences in the optical emissions of lightning leaders with and without downward TGFs.

    DOI： 10.1029/2024jd041720

  • Monocyte-derived transcriptomes explain the ineffectiveness of abatacept in rheumatoid arthritis

    Iwasaki T.

    Arthritis Research and Therapy   26 ( 1 )   1   2024.12（ ISSN:14786354 ）

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  • Impact of the Japanese traditional river training structure “Seigyu (Crib spur dike)” on river morphology and its geometrical changes

    Fujii T.

    Nature Based Solutions   6   2024.12

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  • Updates of the surface detector array of the TAx4 experiment

    Kido E.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • A study of the systematic effects on the energy scale for the measurement of UHECR spectrum by the TA SD array

    Fujita K.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Anisotropies in the Arrival Direction Distribution of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays Measured by the Telescope Array Surface Detector

    Kim J.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Auger@TA: An Auger-like surface detector micro-array embedded within the Telescope Array Project

    Mayotte S.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Cosmic Ray Energy Spectrum and Mass Composition measured by the TALE Fluorescence Detector

    AbuZayyad T.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Cosmic ray mass composition measurement with the TALE hybrid detector

    Fujita K.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Cosmic-ray and gamma-ray constraints on very-heavy dark matter decay

    Das S.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Deep Learning Based Event Reconstruction for the IceCube-Gen2 Radio Detector

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Depth of maximum of air-shower profiles: testing the compatibility of the measurements at the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array

    Yushkov A.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Detecting ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with prototypes of the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST) in both hemispheres

    Sakurai S.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Development of a general purpose air shower simulation tool COSMOS X

    Sako T.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Direction reconstruction for the in-ice radio array of IceCube-Gen2

    Nelles A.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Effect of optical properties of FDs on reconstruction analysis

    Sato D.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Effects of atmospheric transparency on Telescope Array air shower analysis

    Mizuno K.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Electronics Design of the IceCube-Gen2 Optical Module Prototype

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Estimating the coincidence rate between the optical and radio array of IceCube-Gen2

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • High-speed Video Camera Observations Associated with a Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flash at the Telescope Array Detector.

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Highlights from the Telescope Array Experiment

    Kim J.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Influence of Galactic magnetic fields on UHECR energy spectrum and mass composition on the Earth

    Higuchi R.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Investigating multiple ELVES and halos above strong lightning with the fluorescence detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory

    Mussa R.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • ISAI, Investigating Solar Axion by Iron-57: the commissioning and the first run

    Onuki Y.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Measurement of cosmic-ray energy spectrum with the TALE detector in hybrid mode

    Oshima H.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum in the 2nd knee region with the TALE-SD array

    Komae I.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the TA×4 SD array

    Fujisue K.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Measurement of UHECR energy spectrum with the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array

    Bergman D.R.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Mechanical design of the optical modules intended for IceCube-Gen2

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Monocular and Hybrid Analysis for TA×4 Fluorescence Detectors

    Kusumori Y.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Performance Studies of the Acoustic Module for the IceCube Upgrade

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Performance studies on new 4" photomultiplier types intended for IceCube-Gen2 optical modules

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Possible interpretations of the joint observations of UHECR arrival directions using data recorded at the Telescope Array and the Pierre Auger Observatory

    Kuznetsov M.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Reconstruction procedure of the Fluorescence detector Array of Single-pixel Telescopes (FAST)

    Bradfield F.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Science with the Global Cosmic-ray Observatory (GCOS)

    Batista R.A.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Search for EeV photon–induced events at the Telescope Array

    Kharuk I.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Sensitivity of IceCube-Gen2 to measure flavor composition of Astrophysical neutrinos

    Lad N.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Sensitivity of the IceCube-Gen2 Surface Array for Cosmic-Ray Anisotropy Studies

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Shower angular resolution in IceCube-Gen2 and implications on diffuse science

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Systematic uncertainty in the analysis of the TA fluorescence detector from fluorescence yield models

    Komori K.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • TA SD analysis for inclined air showers

    Takahashi K.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • The next generation neutrino telescope: IceCube-Gen2

    Abbasi R.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • The Surface Array of IceCube-Gen2

    Coleman A.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Update on the searches for anisotropies in UHECR arrival directions with the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array

    Caccianiga L.

    Proceedings of Science   444   2024.09

  • Search for photons above 10^{18} eV by simultaneously measuring the atmospheric depth and the muon content of air showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, J. Ammerman Yebra, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, L. Andrade Dourado, S. Andringa, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, P. R. Araújo Ferreira, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, G. Bhatta, M. Bianciotto, P. L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K. S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, F. Campuzano, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, B. Čermáková, A. Cermenati, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P. J. Costa, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C. S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, B. de Errico, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, J. A. do, M. Dobre, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J. C. dos Anjos, R. C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, T. Fehler, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, P. Filip, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, B. García, C. Gaudu, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, J. A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, F. Knapp, J. Köhler, F. Krieger, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, N. Langner, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, L. Lu, Q. Luce, J. P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, M. Majercakova, D. Mandat, B. C. Manning, P. Mantsch, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, O. Martínez Bravo, M. A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W. M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L. A. Núñez, C. Oliveira, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pękala, R. Pelayo, V. Pelgrims, L. A. S. Pereira, E. E. Pereira Martins, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J. V. Reginatto Akim, M. Reininghaus, A. Reuzki, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, E. Rodriguez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, C. M. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Sedoski, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Smau, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, M. Tueros, M. Unger, R. Uzeiroska, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, V. Vašíčková, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, I. D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik

    Physical Review D   110 ( 6 )   2024.09（ ISSN:2470-0010 ） （ eISSN:2470-0029 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    The Pierre Auger Observatory is the most sensitive instrument to detect photons with energies above 1017  eV. It measures extensive air showers generated by ultrahigh energy cosmic rays using a hybrid technique that exploits the combination of a fluorescence detector with a ground array of particle detectors. The signatures of a photon-induced air shower are a larger atmospheric depth of the shower maximum (Xmax) and a steeper lateral distribution function, along with a lower number of muons with respect to the bulk of hadron-induced cascades. In this work, a new analysis technique in the energy interval between 1 and 30 EeV (1  EeV=1018  eV) has been developed by combining the fluorescence detector-based measurement of Xmax with the specific features of the surface detector signal through a parameter related to the air shower muon content, derived from the universality of the air shower development. No evidence of a statistically significant signal due to photon primaries was found using data collected in about 12 years of operation. Thus, upper bounds to the integral photon flux have been set using a detailed calculation of the detector exposure, in combination with a data-driven background estimation. The derived 95% confidence level upper limits are 0.0403, 0.01113, 0.0035, 0.0023, and 0.0021  km−2 sr−1 yr−1 above 1, 2, 3, 5, and 10 EeV, respectively, leading to the most stringent upper limits on the photon flux in the EeV range. Compared with past results, the upper limits were improved by about 40% for the lowest energy threshold and by a factor 3 above 3 EeV, where no candidates were found and the expected background is negligible. The presented limits can be used to probe the assumptions on chemical composition of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays and allow for the constraint of the mass and lifetime phase space of super-heavy dark matter particles.

    Published by the American Physical Society 2024

    DOI： 10.1103/physrevd.110.062005

    Other URL： http://harvest.aps.org/v2/journals/articles/10.1103/PhysRevD.110.062005/fulltext

  • An Extremely Energetic Cosmic Ray Detected by the Telescope Array Experiment, Dubbed “Amaterasu Particle”

    Fujii Toshihiro, Kido Eiji, Higuchi Ryo, Fujita Keitaro

    Butsuri   79 ( 9 )   507 - 511   2024.09（ ISSN:00290181 ） （ eISSN:24238872 ）

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    <p>On 2021 May 27, an extremely energetic particle dubbed “Amarterasu particle” was detected by the surface detector array of the Telescope Array experiment which is the largest cosmic ray detector in the northern hemisphere located in Utah, USA. We report on the detection of this particle, reconstruction method, possible interpretations, and future perspectives including ongoing upgrades dubbed TA×4 and TALE experiments.</p>

    DOI： 10.11316/butsuri.79.9_507

    CiNii Research

  • Isotropy of Cosmic Rays beyond 1020 eV Favors Their Heavy Mass Composition Reviewed

    R. U. Abbasi, Y. Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, Y. Arai, R. Arimura, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, I. Buckland, B. G. Cheon, M. Chikawa, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, R. Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, G. Furlich, N. Globus, R. Gonzalez, W. Hanlon, N. Hayashida, H. He, R. Hibi, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, A. Iwasaki, H. M. Jeong, S. Jeong, C. C.H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, S. Kasami, S. Kawakami, K. Kawata, I. Kharuk, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. W. Kim, Y. Kimura, I. Komae, V. Kuzmin, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, H. Matsumiya, T. Matsuyama, J. N. Matthews, R. Mayta, K. Mizuno, M. Murakami, I. Myers, K. H. Lee, S. Nagataki, K. Nakai, T. Nakamura, E. Nishio, T. Nonaka, H. Oda, S. Ogio, M. Onishi, H. Ohoka, N. Okazaki, Y. Oku, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Ono, A. Oshima, H. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, K. Y. Park, M. Potts, M. S. Pshirkov, J. Remington, D. C. Rodriguez, C. Rott, G. I. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, R. Saito, N. Sakaki, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, D. Sato, K. Sato, S. Sato

    Physical Review Letters   133 ( 4 )   041001   2024.07（ ISSN:0031-9007 ） （ eISSN:1079-7114 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.041001

    PubMed

    Other URL： https://link.aps.org/article/10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.041001

  • Mass composition of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays from distribution of their arrival directions with the Telescope Array Reviewed

    R. U. Abbasi, Y. Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, Y. Arai, R. Arimura, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, I. Buckland, B. G. Cheon, M. Chikawa, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, R. Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, G. Furlich, N. Globus, R. Gonzalez, W. Hanlon, N. Hayashida, H. He, R. Hibi, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, A. Iwasaki, H. M. Jeong, S. Jeong, C. C.H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, S. Kasami, S. Kawakami, K. Kawata, I. Kharuk, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. W. Kim, Y. Kimura, I. Komae, V. Kuzmin, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, H. Matsumiya, T. Matsuyama, J. N. Matthews, R. Mayta, K. Mizuno, M. Murakami, I. Myers, K. H. Lee, S. Nagataki, K. Nakai, T. Nakamura, E. Nishio, T. Nonaka, H. Oda, S. Ogio, M. Onishi, H. Ohoka, N. Okazaki, Y. Oku, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Ono, A. Oshima, H. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, K. Y. Park, M. Potts, M. S. Pshirkov, J. Remington, D. C. Rodriguez, C. Rott, G. I. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, R. Saito, N. Sakaki, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, D. Sato, K. Sato, S. Sato

    Physical Review D   110 ( 2 )   2024.07（ ISSN:2470-0010 ） （ eISSN:2470-0029 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevD.110.022006

  • Testing hadronic-model predictions of depth of maximum of air-shower profiles and ground-particle signals using hybrid data of the Pierre Auger Observatory Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, J. Ammerman Yebra, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, P. R. Araújo Ferreira, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, G. Bhatta, M. Bianciotto, P. L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K. S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, F. Campuzano, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, A. Cermenati, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P. J. Costa, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C. S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, B. P. de Souza de Errico, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, M. Dobre, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J. C. dos Anjos, R. C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, C. Galelli, B. García, C. Gaudu, H. Gemmeke, F. Gesualdi, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, T. D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, J. A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, F. Knapp, J. Köhler, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, N. Langner, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, L. Lu, Q. Luce, J. P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, M. Majercakova, D. Mandat, B. C. Manning, P. Mantsch, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, O. Martínez Bravo, M. A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, C. Morello, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W. M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L. A. Núñez, C. Oliveira, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, L. A. S. Pereira, E. E. Pereira Martins, J. Perez Armand, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J. V. Reginatto Akim, M. Reininghaus, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, E. Rodriguez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, P. Ruehl, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, C. M. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Sedoski, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Smau, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, J. F. Soriano, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, C. Trimarelli, M. Tueros, M. Unger, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, C. Ventura, I. D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik

    Physical Review D   109 ( 10 )   2024.05（ ISSN:24700010 ） （ eISSN:2470-0029 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    We test the predictions of hadronic interaction models regarding the depth of maximum of air-shower profiles, Xmax, and ground-particle signals in water-Cherenkov detectors at 1000 m from the shower core, S(1000), using the data from the fluorescence and surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The test consists of fitting the measured two-dimensional (S(1000), Xmax) distributions using templates for simulated air showers produced with hadronic interaction models pos-, et--04, 2.3d and leaving the scales of predicted Xmax and the signals from hadronic component at ground as free-fit parameters. The method relies on the assumption that the mass composition remains the same at all zenith angles, while the longitudinal shower development and attenuation of ground signal depend on the mass composition in a correlated way. The analysis was applied to 2239 events detected by both the fluorescence and surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory with energies between 1018.5  eV to 1019.0  eV and zenith angles below 60°. We found, that within the assumptions of the method, the best description of the data is achieved if the predictions of the hadronic interaction models are shifted to deeper Xmax values and larger hadronic signals at all zenith angles. Given the magnitude of the shifts and the data sample size, the statistical significance of the improvement of data description using the modifications considered in the paper is larger than 5σ even for any linear combination of experimental systematic uncertainties.

    Published by the American Physical Society 2024

    DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevD.109.102001

    Other URL： http://harvest.aps.org/v2/journals/articles/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.102001/fulltext

  • Energy landscape analysis and time-series clustering analysis of patient state multistability related to rheumatoid arthritis drug treatment: The KURAMA cohort study

    Yamamoto K.

    Plos One   19 ( 5 May )   e0302308   2024.05

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  • Constraints on metastable superheavy dark matter coupled to sterile neutrinos with the Pierre Auger Observatory Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, J. Ammerman Yebra, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, P. R. Araújo Ferreira, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, G. Bhatta, M. Bianciotto, P. L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K. S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, F. Campuzano, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, A. Cermenati, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P. J. Costa, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C. S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, B. P. de Souza de Errico, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, M. Dobre, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J. C. dos Anjos, R. C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, C. Galelli, B. García, C. Gaudu, H. Gemmeke, F. Gesualdi, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, T. D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, J. A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, F. Knapp, J. Köhler, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, N. Langner, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, L. Lu, Q. Luce, J. P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, M. Majercakova, D. Mandat, B. C. Manning, P. Mantsch, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, O. Martínez Bravo, M. A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, C. Morello, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W. M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L. A. Núñez, C. Oliveira, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, L. A. S. Pereira, E. E. Pereira Martins, J. Perez Armand, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J. V. Reginatto Akim, M. Reininghaus, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, E. Rodriguez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, P. Ruehl, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, C. M. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Sedoski, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Smau, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, J. F. Soriano, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, C. Trimarelli, M. Tueros, M. Unger, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, C. Ventura, I. D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik

    Physical Review D   109 ( 8 )   2024.04（ ISSN:24700010 ） （ eISSN:2470-0029 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Dark matter particles could be superheavy, provided their lifetime is much longer than the age of the Universe. Using the sensitivity of the Pierre Auger Observatory to ultrahigh energy neutrinos and photons, we constrain a specific extension of the Standard Model of particle physics that meets the lifetime requirement for a superheavy particle by coupling it to a sector of ultralight sterile neutrinos. Our results show that, for a typical dark coupling constant of 0.1, the mixing angle θm between active and sterile neutrinos must satisfy, roughly, θm≲1.5×10−6(MX/109  GeV)−2 for a mass MX of the dark-matter particle between 108  GeV and 1011  GeV.

    Published by the American Physical Society 2024

    DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevD.109.L081101

    Other URL： http://harvest.aps.org/v2/journals/articles/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.L081101/fulltext

  • Commissioning and the first observation of ISAI, Investigating Solar Axion by Iron-57, experiment

    Onuki Y.

    Proceedings of Science   441   2024.03

  • Ground observations of a space laser for the assessment of its in-orbit performance Reviewed

    The Pierre Auger Collaboration, A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, J. Ammerman Yebra, G.A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, Anukriti, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A.M. Badescu, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, J.A. Bellido, C. Berat, M.E. Bertaina, G. Bhatta, M. Bianciotto, P.L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P.G. Brichetto Orchera, F.L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, A. Bwembya, M. Büsken, K.S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, A. Cermenati, J.A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R.W. Clay, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, A. Coleman, M.R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P.J. Costa, C.E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C.S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B.R. Dawson, R.M. de Almeida, J. de Jesús, S.J. de Jong, J.R.T. de Mello Neto, I. de Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, B.P. de Souza de Errico, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, M. Dobre, C. Dobrigkeit, J.C. D’Olivo, L.M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J.C. dos Anjos, R.C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, J. Farmer, G. Farrar, A.C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J.M. Figueira, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, C. Galelli, B. Garca, C. Gaudu, H. Gemmeke, F. Gesualdi, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P.L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, J.P. Gongora, J.M. González, N. González, I. Goos, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, T.D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G.P. Guedes, E. Guido, M. Gómez Berisso, P.F. Gómez Vitale, D. Góra, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M.R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, V.M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, J.R. Hörandel, A. Insolia, P.G. Isar, P. Janecek, J.A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, K.H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V.V. Kizakke Covilakam, H.O. Klages, M. Kleifges, F. Knapp, N. Kunka, J. Köhler, B.L. Lago, N. Langner, M.A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, L. Lu, Q. Luce, J.P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, M. Majercakova, D. Mandat, B.C. Manning, P. Mantsch, S. Marafico, F.M. Mariani, A.G. Mariazzi, I.C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, M.A. Martins, O. Martínez Bravo, H.J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P.O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M.I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, C. Morello, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W.M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L.A. Núñez, C. Oliveira, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, R. Pelayo, L.A.S. Pereira, E.E. Pereira Martins, J. Perez Armand, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, A. Puyleart, C. Pérez Bertolli, J. Pękala, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J.V. Reginatto Akim, M. Reininghaus, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, E. Rodriguez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M.J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A.C. Rovero, P. Ruehl, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, E.M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F.G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, C.M. Schäfer, S.J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S.U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Smau, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, J.F. Soriano, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, M. Straub, S. Strähnz, T. Suomijärvi, A.D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, F. Sánchez, F. Tairli, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C.J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, C. Trimarelli, M. Tueros, M. Unger, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, J.F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, D. Veberič, C. Ventura, I.D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, J. Vlastimil, S. Vorobiov, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, C. Watanabe, A.A. Watson, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, Oliver Lux, Isabell Krisch, Oliver Reitebuch, Dorit Huber, Denny Wernham, Tommaso Parrinello

    Optica   11 ( 2 )   263 - 263   2024.02（ eISSN:2334-2536 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    The wind mission Aeolus of the European Space Agency was a groundbreaking achievement for Earth observation. Between 2018 and 2023, the space-borne lidar instrument ALADIN onboard the Aeolus satellite measured atmospheric wind profiles with global coverage, which contributed to improving the accuracy of numerical weather prediction. The precision of the wind observations, however, declined over the course of the mission due to a progressive loss of the atmospheric backscatter signal. The analysis of the root cause was supported by the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina whose fluorescence detector registered the ultraviolet laser pulses emitted from the instrument in space, thereby offering an estimation of the laser energy at the exit of the instrument for several days in 2019, 2020, and 2021. The reconstruction of the laser beam not only allowed for an independent assessment of the Aeolus performance, but also helped to improve the accuracy in the determination of the laser beam’s ground track on single pulse level. The results presented in this paper set a precedent for the monitoring of space lasers by ground-based telescopes and open new possibilities for the calibration of cosmic-ray observatories.

    DOI： 10.1364/optica.507619

    Other URL： https://opg.optica.org/viewmedia.cfm?URI=optica-11-2-263&seq=0

  • The past and future 20-years endeavor for discovering origins of ultra-high energy cosmic rays -- Rapporteur's summary of cosmic ray indirect -- OA

    Toshihiro Fujii

    444   2024.01

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    This article is the rapporteur's summary of the cosmic ray indirect sessions
    of the 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference in Nagoya, Japan. The
    rapporteur highlights cosmic ray indirect observatories around the world, and
    reviews a selection of the latest results regarding the cosmic ray energy
    spectrum, mass composition, anisotropy, hadronic interaction models, theory,
    geophysics, interdisciplinary research, and future projects.

    DOI： 10.22323/1.444.0031

    Other URL： http://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.08952v3

  • Radio measurements of the depth of air-shower maximum at the Pierre Auger Observatory Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, J. Ammerman Yebra, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, Anukriti, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, P. R. Araújo Ferreira, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, G. Bhatta, M. Bianciotto, P. L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K. S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, A. Cermenati, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, A. Coleman, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P. J. Costa, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C. S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, B. P. de Souza de Errico, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, M. Dobre, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J. C. dos Anjos, R. C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, J. Farmer, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, C. Galelli, B. García, C. Gaudu, H. Gemmeke, F. Gesualdi, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, I. Goos, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, T. D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, J. A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, F. Knapp, J. Köhler, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, N. Langner, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, L. Lu, Q. Luce, J. P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, M. Majercakova, D. Mandat, B. C. Manning, P. Mantsch, S. Marafico, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, O. Martínez Bravo, M. A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, C. Morello, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W. M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L. A. Núñez, C. Oliveira, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, L. A. S. Pereira, E. E. Pereira Martins, J. Perez Armand, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, A. Puyleart, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J. V. Reginatto Akim, M. Reininghaus, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, E. Rodriguez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, P. Ruehl, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, C. M. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Smau, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, J. F. Soriano, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, C. Trimarelli, M. Tueros, M. Unger, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, C. Ventura, I. D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik

    Physical Review D   109 ( 2 )   2024.01（ ISSN:24700010 ） （ eISSN:2470-0029 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    The (AERA), part of the Pierre Auger Observatory, is currently the largest array of radio antenna stations deployed for the detection of cosmic rays, spanning an area of 17  km2 with 153 radio stations. It detects the radio emission of extensive air showers produced by cosmic rays in the 30–80 MHz band. Here, we report the AERA measurements of the (Xmax), a probe for mass composition, at cosmic-ray energies between 1017.5 and 1018.8  eV, which show agreement with earlier measurements with the fluorescence technique at the Pierre Auger Observatory. We show advancements in the method for radio Xmax reconstruction by comparison to dedicated sets of / air-shower simulations, including steps of reconstruction-bias identification and correction, which is of particular importance for irregular or sparse radio arrays. Using the largest set of radio air-shower measurements to date, we show the radio Xmax resolution as a function of energy, reaching a resolution better than 15  g cm−2 at the highest energies, demonstrating that radio Xmax measurements are competitive with the established high-precision fluorescence technique. In addition, we developed a procedure for performing an extensive data-driven study of systematic uncertainties, including the effects of acceptance bias, reconstruction bias, and the investigation of possible residual biases. These results have been cross-checked with air showers measured independently with both the radio and fluorescence techniques, a setup unique to the Pierre Auger Observatory.

    Published by the American Physical Society 2024

    DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevD.109.022002

    Other URL： http://harvest.aps.org/v2/journals/articles/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.022002/fulltext

  • Demonstrating Agreement between Radio and Fluorescence Measurements of the Depth of Maximum of Extensive Air Showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, J. Ammerman Yebra, G. A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, Anukriti, L. Apollonio, C. Aramo, P. R. Araújo Ferreira, E. Arnone, J. C. Arteaga Velázquez, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A. Bakalova, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, J. A. Bellido, C. Berat, M. E. Bertaina, G. Bhatta, M. Bianciotto, P. L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P. G. Brichetto Orchera, F. L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K. S. Caballero-Mora, S. Cabana-Freire, L. Caccianiga, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, A. Cermenati, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R. W. Clay, A. C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, A. Coleman, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P. J. Costa, C. E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C. S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, J. de Jesús, S. J. de Jong, J. R. T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, B. P. de Souza de Errico, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, N. Denner, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, M. Dobre, C. Dobrigkeit, J. C. D’Olivo, L. M. Domingues Mendes, Q. Dorosti, J. C. dos Anjos, R. C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, J. Farmer, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J. M. Figueira, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, C. Galelli, B. García, C. Gaudu, H. Gemmeke, F. Gesualdi, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P. L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, J. P. Gongora, J. M. González, N. González, I. Goos, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, T. D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, E. Guido, L. Gülzow, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M. R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, V. M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J. R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P. G. Isar, P. Janecek, V. Jilek, J. A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, K.-H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V. V. Kizakke Covilakam, H. O. Klages, M. Kleifges, F. Knapp, J. Köhler, N. Kunka, B. L. Lago, N. Langner, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, L. Lopes, L. Lu, Q. Luce, J. P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, M. Majercakova, D. Mandat, B. C. Manning, P. Mantsch, S. Marafico, F. M. Mariani, A. G. Mariazzi, I. C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, O. Martínez Bravo, M. A. Martins, H.-J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M. I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, C. Morello, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, W. M. Namasaka, S. Negi, L. Nellen, K. Nguyen, G. Nicora, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L. A. Núñez, C. Oliveira, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, S. Panja, G. Parente, T. Paulsen, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pękala, R. Pelayo, L. A. S. Pereira, E. E. Pereira Martins, J. Perez Armand, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, A. Puyleart, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, J. V. Reginatto Akim, M. Reininghaus, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, E. Rodriguez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A. C. Rovero, P. Ruehl, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J. D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E. M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, C. M. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F. G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S. J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S. U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, K. Simkova, F. Simon, R. Smau, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, J. F. Soriano, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, S. Strähnz, M. Straub, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, F. Tairli, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C. J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, C. Trimarelli, M. Tueros, M. Unger, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, J. F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, C. Ventura, I. D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, S. Vorobiov, C. Watanabe, A. A. Watson, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik

    Physical Review Letters   132 ( 2 )   2024.01（ ISSN:00319007 ） （ eISSN:1079-7114 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    We show, for the first time, radio measurements of the depth of shower maximum (Xmax) of air showers induced by cosmic rays that are compared to measurements of the established fluorescence method at the same location. Using measurements at the Pierre Auger Observatory we show full compatibility between our radio and the previously published fluorescence dataset, and between a subset of air showers observed simultaneously with both radio and fluorescence techniques, a measurement setup unique to the Pierre Auger Observatory. Furthermore, we show radio Xmax resolution as a function of energy and demonstrate the ability to make competitive high-resolution Xmax measurements with even a sparse radio array. With this, we show that the radio technique is capable of cosmic-ray mass composition studies, both at Auger and at other experiments.

    Published by the American Physical Society 2024

    DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.021001

    Other URL： http://harvest.aps.org/v2/journals/articles/10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.021001/fulltext

  • Constraining models for the origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with a novel combined analysis of arrival directions, spectrum, and composition data measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory Reviewed

    A. Abdul Halim, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, I. Allekotte, K. Almeida Cheminant, A. Almela, R. Aloisio, J. Alvarez-Muñiz, J. Ammerman Yebra, G.A. Anastasi, L. Anchordoqui, B. Andrada, S. Andringa, C. Aramo, P.R. Araújo Ferreira, E. Arnone, J.C. Arteaga Velázquez, H. Asorey, P. Assis, G. Avila, E. Avocone, A.M. Badescu, A. Bakalova, A. Balaceanu, F. Barbato, A. Bartz Mocellin, J.A. Bellido, C. Berat, M.E. Bertaina, G. Bhatta, M. Bianciotto, P.L. Biermann, V. Binet, K. Bismark, T. Bister, J. Biteau, J. Blazek, C. Bleve, J. Blümer, M. Boháčová, D. Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, L. Bonneau Arbeletche, N. Borodai, J. Brack, P.G. Brichetto Orchera, F.L. Briechle, A. Bueno, S. Buitink, M. Buscemi, M. Büsken, A. Bwembya, K.S. Caballero-Mora, L. Caccianiga, I. Caracas, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, F. Catalani, G. Cataldi, L. Cazon, M. Cerda, J.A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, L. Chytka, R.W. Clay, A.C. Cobos Cerutti, R. Colalillo, A. Coleman, M.R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, A. Condorelli, G. Consolati, M. Conte, F. Convenga, D. Correia dos Santos, P.J. Costa, C.E. Covault, M. Cristinziani, C.S. Cruz Sanchez, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B.R. Dawson, R.M. de Almeida, J. de Jesús, S.J. de Jong, J.R.T. de Mello Neto, I. De Mitri, J. de Oliveira, D. de Oliveira Franco, F. de Palma, V. de Souza, E. De Vito, A. Del Popolo, O. Deligny, L. Deval, A. di Matteo, M. Dobre, C. Dobrigkeit, J.C. D'Olivo, L.M. Domingues Mendes, J.C. dos Anjos, R.C. dos Anjos, J. Ebr, F. Ellwanger, M. Emam, R. Engel, I. Epicoco, M. Erdmann, A. Etchegoyen, C. Evoli, H. Falcke, J. Farmer, G. Farrar, A.C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, F. Feldbusch, F. Fenu, A. Fernandes, B. Fick, J.M. Figueira, A. Filipčič, T. Fitoussi, B. Flaggs, T. Fodran, T. Fujii, A. Fuster, C. Galea, C. Galelli, B. García, C. Gaudu, H. Gemmeke, F. Gesualdi, A. Gherghel-Lascu, P.L. Ghia, U. Giaccari, M. Giammarchi, J. Glombitza, F. Gobbi, F. Gollan, G. Golup, M. Gómez Berisso, P.F. Gómez Vitale, J.P. Gongora, J.M. González, N. González, I. Goos, D. Góra, A. Gorgi, M. Gottowik, T.D. Grubb, F. Guarino, G.P. Guedes, E. Guido, S. Hahn, P. Hamal, M.R. Hampel, P. Hansen, D. Harari, V.M. Harvey, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, C. Hojvat, J.R. Hörandel, P. Horvath, M. Hrabovský, T. Huege, A. Insolia, P.G. Isar, P. Janecek, J.A. Johnsen, J. Jurysek, A. Kääpä, K.H. Kampert, B. Keilhauer, A. Khakurdikar, V.V. Kizakke Covilakam, H.O. Klages, M. Kleifges, F. Knapp, N. Kunka, B.L. Lago, N. Langner, M.A. Leigui de Oliveira, Y. Lema-Capeans, V. Lenok, A. Letessier-Selvon, I. Lhenry-Yvon, D. Lo Presti, L. Lopes, L. Lu, Q. Luce, J.P. Lundquist, A. Machado Payeras, M. Majercakova, D. Mandat, B.C. Manning, P. Mantsch, S. Marafico, F.M. Mariani, A.G. Mariazzi, I.C. Mariş, G. Marsella, D. Martello, S. Martinelli, O. Martínez Bravo, M.A. Martins, M. Mastrodicasa, H.J. Mathes, J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, E. Mayotte, S. Mayotte, P.O. Mazur, G. Medina-Tanco, J. Meinert, D. Melo, A. Menshikov, C. Merx, S. Michal, M.I. Micheletti, L. Miramonti, S. Mollerach, F. Montanet, L. Morejon, C. Morello, A.L. Müller, K. Mulrey, R. Mussa, M. Muzio, W.M. Namasaka, A. Nasr-Esfahani, L. Nellen, G. Nicora, M. Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M. Niechciol, D. Nitz, D. Nosek, V. Novotny, L. Nožka, A. Nucita, L.A. Núñez, C. Oliveira, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, G. Parente, J. Pawlowsky, M. Pech, J. Pȩkala, R. Pelayo, L.A.S. Pereira, E.E. Pereira Martins, J. Perez Armand, C. Pérez Bertolli, L. Perrone, S. Petrera, C. Petrucci, T. Pierog, M. Pimenta, M. Platino, B. Pont, M. Pothast, M. Pourmohammad Shahvar, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, A. Puyleart, S. Querchfeld, J. Rautenberg, D. Ravignani, M. Reininghaus, J. Ridky, F. Riehn, M. Risse, V. Rizi, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, E. Rodriguez, J. Rodriguez Rojo, M.J. Roncoroni, S. Rossoni, M. Roth, E. Roulet, A.C. Rovero, P. Ruehl, A. Saftoiu, M. Saharan, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, G. Salina, J.D. Sanabria Gomez, F. Sánchez, E.M. Santos, E. Santos, F. Sarazin, R. Sarmento, R. Sato, P. Savina, C.M. Schäfer, V. Scherini, H. Schieler, M. Schimassek, M. Schimp, F. Schlüter, D. Schmidt, O. Scholten, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovánek, F.G. Schröder, J. Schulte, T. Schulz, S.J. Sciutto, M. Scornavacche, A. Segreto, S. Sehgal, S.U. Shivashankara, G. Sigl, G. Silli, O. Sima, F. Simon, R. Smau, R. Šmída, P. Sommers, J.F. Soriano, R. Squartini, M. Stadelmaier, D. Stanca, S. Stanič, J. Stasielak, P. Stassi, M. Straub, A. Streich, M. Suárez-Durán, T. Suomijärvi, A.D. Supanitsky, Z. Svozilikova, Z. Szadkowski, A. Tapia, C. Taricco, C. Timmermans, O. Tkachenko, P. Tobiska, C.J. Todero Peixoto, B. Tomé, Z. Torrès, A. Travaini, P. Travnicek, C. Trimarelli, M. Tueros, M. Unger, L. Vaclavek, M. Vacula, J.F. Valdés Galicia, L. Valore, E. Varela, A. Vásquez-Ramírez, D. Veberič, C. Ventura, I.D. Vergara Quispe, V. Verzi, J. Vicha, J. Vink, J. Vlastimil, S. Vorobiov, C. Watanabe, A.A. Watson, A. Weindl, L. Wiencke, H. Wilczyński, D. Wittkowski, B. Wundheiler, B. Yue, A. Yushkov, O. Zapparrata, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik

    Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics   2024 ( 1 )   022 - 022   2024.01（ eISSN:1475-7516 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Abstract

    The combined fit of the measured energy spectrum and shower maximum depth distributions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays is known to constrain the parameters of astrophysical models with homogeneous source distributions. Studies of the distribution of the cosmic-ray arrival directions show a better agreement with models in which a fraction of the flux is non-isotropic and associated with the nearby radio galaxy Centaurus A or with catalogs such as that of starburst galaxies. Here, we present a novel combination of both analyses by a simultaneous fit of arrival directions, energy spectrum, and composition data measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory. The model takes into account a rigidity-dependent magnetic field blurring and an energy-dependent evolution of the catalog contribution shaped by interactions during propagation. We find that a model containing a flux contribution from the starburst galaxy catalog of around 20% at 40 EeV with a magnetic field blurring of around 20° for a rigidity of 10 EV provides a fair simultaneous description of all three observables. The starburst galaxy model is favored with a significance of 4.5σ (considering experimental systematic effects) compared to a reference model with only homogeneously distributed background sources. By investigating a scenario with Centaurus A as a single source in combination with the homogeneous background, we confirm that this region of the sky provides the dominant contribution to the observed anisotropy signal. Models containing a catalog of jetted active galactic nuclei whose flux scales with the γ-ray emission are, however, disfavored as they cannot adequately describe the measured arrival directions.

    DOI： 10.1088/1475-7516/2024/01/022

    Other URL： https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1475-7516/2024/01/022/pdf

  • TA experiment 421: Performance evaluation and data analysis of the TALE-infill SD Array

    Fujii T., Fujita K., Ogio S., Komae I., Sako T., Udo S., Kawachi Y., Shikita J., Takeda M., Shin H. S., Tameda Y., Telescope Array Collaboration, Tomida T., Tsunesada Y., Sakurai Shunsuke

    Meeting Abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan   79.2 ( 0 )   721 - 721   2024（ eISSN:21890803 ）

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  • Status of Investigating Solar Axion by Iron-57, ISAI experiment and cosmic ray BG study

    Fujii Toshihiro, Matsuda Masamune, Ikeda Tomonori, Tsuru Takeshi Go, Onuki Yoshiyuki, Inoue Yoshizumi, Enoto Teruaki, Anazawa Moe, Uenomachi Mizuki, Miuchi Kentaro, Shimazoe Kenji, Takeda Ayaki

    Meeting Abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan   79.2 ( 0 )   498 - 498   2024（ eISSN:21890803 ）

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  • Observing cosmic-ray extensive air showers with a silicon imaging detector

    Kawanomoto S.

    Scientific Reports   13 ( 1 )   16091   2023.12

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  • An extremely energetic cosmic ray observed by a surface detector array

    R. U. Abbasi, M. G. Allen, R. Arimura, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, B. K. Shin, I. J. Buckland, B. G. Cheon, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, M. Fukushima, G. D. Furlich, Z. R. Gerber, N. Globus, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, H. Ito, A. Iwasaki, S. Jeong, H. M. Jeong, C. H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. E. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, K. Kawata, I. Kharuk, E. Kido, S. W. Kim, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, I. Komae, Y. Kubota, M. Y. Kuznetsov, K. H. Lee, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, J. N. Matthews, S. Nagataki, T. Nakamura, A. Nakazawa, T. Nonaka, S. Ogio, M. Ono, H. Oshima, I. H. Park, M. Potts, S. Pshirkov, J. R. Remington, D. C. Rodriguez, C. Rott, G. I. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, N. Sakaki, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, H. Shin, J. D. Smith, P. Sokolsky, B. T. Stokes, T. S. Stroman, K. Takahashi, M. Takeda, A. Taketa, Y. Tameda, S. Thomas, G. B. Thomson, P. G. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, T. Tomida, S. V. Troitsky, Y. Tsunesada, S. Udo, F. R. Urban, T. Wong, K. Yamazaki, Y. Yuma, Y. V. Zhezher, Z. Zundel

    Science   382 ( 6673 )   903 - 907   2023.11（ ISSN:0036-8075 ） （ eISSN:1095-9203 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Cosmic rays are energetic charged particles from extraterrestrial sources, with the highest-energy events thought to come from extragalactic sources. Their arrival is infrequent, so detection requires instruments with large collecting areas. In this work, we report the detection of an extremely energetic particle recorded by the surface detector array of the Telescope Array experiment. We calculate the particle’s energy as (~40 joules). Its arrival direction points back to a void in the large-scale structure of the Universe. Possible explanations include a large deflection by the foreground magnetic field, an unidentified source in the local extragalactic neighborhood, or an incomplete knowledge of particle physics.

    DOI： 10.1126/science.abo5095

    PubMed

  • The energy spectrum of cosmic rays measured by the Telescope Array using 10 years of fluorescence detector data

    R.U. Abbasi, Y. Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, Y. Arai, R. Arimura, E. Barcikowski, J.W. Belz, D.R. Bergman, S.A. Blake, I. Buckland, B.G. Cheon, M. Chikawa, A. Fedynitch, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, R. Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, G. Furlich, Z. Gerber, N. Globus, W. Hanlon, N. Hayashida, H. He, R. Hibi, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, A. Iwasaki, H.M. Jeong, S. Jeong, C.C.H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, S. Kasami, S. Kawakami, K. Kawata, I. Kharuk, E. Kido, H.B. Kim, J.H. Kim, J.H. Kim, S.W. Kim, Y. Kimura, I. Komae, K. Komori, Y. Kusumori, M. Kuznetsov, Y.J. Kwon, K.H. Lee, M.J. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J.P. Lundquist, T. Matsuyama, J.A. Matthews, J.N. Matthews, R. Mayta, K. Miyashita, K. Mizuno, M. Mori, M. Murakami, I. Myers, S. Nagataki, K. Nakai, T. Nakamura, E. Nishio, T. Nonaka, S. Ogio, H. Ohoka, N. Okazaki, Y. Oku, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Onishi, M. Ono, A. Oshima, H. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I.H. Park, K.Y. Park, M. Potts, M.S. Pshirkov, J. Remington, D.C. Rodriguez, C. Rott, G.I. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, R. Saito, N. Sakaki, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, D. Sato, K. Sato, S. Sato, K. Sekino, P.D. Shah, N. Shibata, T. Shibata, J. Shikita, H. Shimodaira, B.K. Shin, H.S. Shin, D. Shinto, J.D. Smith, P. Sokolsky, B.T. Stokes, T.A. Stroman, Y. Takagi, K. Takahashi, M. Takamura, M. Takeda, R. Takeishi, A. Taketa, M. Takita, Y. Tameda, K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, S.B. Thomas, G.B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, H. Tokuno, T. Tomida, S. Troitsky, R. Tsuda, Y. Tsunesada, S. Udo, F. Urban, I.A. Vaiman, D. Warren, T. Wong, K. Yamazaki, K. Yashiro, F. Yoshida, Y. Zhezher, Z. Zundel

    Astroparticle Physics   151   102864 - 102864   2023.09（ ISSN:0927-6505 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2023.102864

  • First High-Speed Video Camera Observations of a Lightning Flash Associated With a Downward Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flash

    R. U. Abbasi, M. M.F. Saba, J. W. Belz, P. R. Krehbiel, W. Rison, N. Kieu, D. R. da Silva, M. A. Stanley, Dan Rodeheffer, J. Remington, J. Mazich, R. LeVon, K. Smout, A. Petrizze, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, R. Arimura, E. Barcikowski, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, I. Buckland, B. G. Cheon, M. Chikawa, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, R. Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, G. Furlich, N. Globus, R. Gonzalez, W. Hanlon, N. Hayashida, H. He, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, H. Iwakura, A. Iwasaki, H. M. Jeong, S. Jeong, C. C.H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, S. Kasami, S. Kawakami, K. Kawata, I. Kharuk, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. W. Kim, Y. Kimura, I. Komae, Y. Kubota, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, T. Matsuyama, J. N. Matthews, R. Mayta, I. Myers, S. Nagataki, K. Nakai, R. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, A. Nakazawa, E. Nishio, T. Nonaka, S. Ogio, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, Y. Oku, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Ono, A. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, M. Potts, M. S. Pshirkov, D. C. Rodriguez, C. Rott, G. I. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, N. Sakaki, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, K. Sato

    Geophysical Research Letters   50 ( 14 )   2023.07（ ISSN:0094-8276 ） （ eISSN:1944-8007 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    In this paper, we present the first high-speed video observation of a cloud-to-ground lightning flash and its associated downward-directed Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flash (TGF). The optical emission of the event was observed by a high-speed video camera running at 40,000 frames per second in conjunction with the Telescope Array Surface Detector, Lightning Mapping Array, interferometer, electric-field fast antenna, and the National Lightning Detection Network. The cloud-to-ground flash associated with the observed TGF was formed by a fast downward leader followed by a very intense return stroke peak current of −154 kA. The TGF occurred while the downward leader was below cloud base, and even when it was halfway in its propagation to ground. The suite of gamma-ray and lightning instruments, timing resolution, and source proximity offer us detailed information and therefore a unique look at the TGF phenomena.

    DOI： 10.1029/2023GL102958

  • Effects of the Galactic Magnetic Field on the UHECR Correlation Studies with Starburst Galaxies

    Ryo Higuchi, Takashi Sako, Toshihiro Fujii, Kazumasa Kawata, Eiji Kido

    The Astrophysical Journal   949 ( 2 )   107 - 107   2023.06（ ISSN:0004-637X ） （ eISSN:1538-4357 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Abstract

    We estimate the biases caused by the coherent deflection of cosmic rays due to the Galactic magnetic field (GMF) in maximum likelihood analyses for searches of ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray sources in the literature. We simulate mock event data sets with a set of assumptions for the starburst galaxy source model, coherent deflection by a GMF model, and mixed-mass composition. We then conduct a maximum likelihood analysis without accounting for the GMF in the same manner as previous studies. We find that the anisotropic fraction f<sub>ani</sub> is estimated to be systematically lower than the true value. We estimate the true parameters that are compatible with the best-fit parameters that were reported, and find that except for a narrow region with a large anisotropic fraction and a small separation angular scale, a wide parameter space is still compatible with the experimental results. We also develop a maximum likelihood method that takes the GMF model into account and confirm in Monte Carlo simulations that we can estimate the true parameters within a 1σ contour under the ideal condition that we know the event-by-event mass and the GMF.

    DOI： 10.3847/1538-4357/acc739

    Other URL： https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/acc739/pdf

  • Revisiting ultrahigh-energy constraints on decaying superheavy dark matter

    Das S.

    Physical Review D   107 ( 10 )   2023.05（ ISSN:24700010 ）

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  • Constraining the sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays across and above the ankle with the spectrum and composition data measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory

    Abdul Halim A.

    Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics   2023 ( 5 )   2023.05

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  • Ultra high energy cosmic rays The intersection of the Cosmic and Energy Frontiers

    Coleman A.

    Astroparticle Physics   147   2023.05（ ISSN:09276505 ）

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  • The energy spectrum of ultra-high energy cosmic rays measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array

    D. R. Bergman, O. Deligny, F. Fenu, T. Fujii, K. Fujita, J. H. Kim, I. Lhenry-Yvon, I. Maris¸, Q. Luce, M. Roth, F. Salamida, Y. Tsunesada, V. Verzi

    EPJ Web of Conferences   283   02003 - 02003   2023.04（ eISSN:2100-014X ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    In the study of cosmic rays, the measurement of the energy spectrum of the primaries is one of the main issues and provides fundamental information on the most energetic phenomena in the Universe. At ultrahigh energies, beyond 10<sup>18</sup> eV, the cosmic rays are studied by the two largest observatories built so far, the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array. Both observatories are based on a hybrid design and reported a measurement of the energy spectrum using the high duty cycle of the surface detector and the calorimetric estimation of the energy scale provided by the fluorescence detector.

    The differences among the reported spectra are scrutinized by a working group made by members of the Pierre Auger and Telescope Array Collaborations. The two measurements have been found well in agreement below 10<sup>19</sup> eV while, at higher energies, they show an energy-dependent difference that is beyond the systematic uncertainties associated to the energy scale.

    In this contribution we review the status and perspectives of the working group activities including new studies aiming at addressing the impact on the flux measurement at the highest energies of potential biases in the estimation of the shower size.

    DOI： 10.1051/epjconf/202328302003

  • Performance of the TALE infill experiment as a TA-TALE extension down to the PeV region

    Aoi Iwasaki, Keitaro Fujita, Shoichi Ogio, Toshihiro Fujii, Yoshiki Tsunesada

    EPJ Web of Conferences   283   06015 - 06015   2023.04（ eISSN:2100-014X ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    The TALE infill experiment is a further extension of TA-TALE detectors to observe low-energy cosmic rays down to the PeV region. TALE infill utilizes the existing TALE-FD detectors, and newly developed "infill" surface detectors with 100 m and 200 m spacing. The new detectors will be deployed at the TALE site in October-November 2022. We present the design and performance of the TALE infill array in the hybrid mode, in terms of the resolutions and biases of arrival direction, energy, and X<sub>max</sub>.

    DOI： 10.1051/epjconf/202328306015

  • Telescope Array search for EeV photons

    Oleg E. Kalashev, Ivan V. Kharuk, Mikhail Yu Kuznetsov, Grigory I. Rubtsov, R. U. Abbasi, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, Y. Arai, R. Arimura, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, I. Buckland, R. Cady, B. G. Cheon, J. Chiba, M. Chikawa, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, R. Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, R. Fukushima, G. Furlich, R. Gonzalez, W. Hanlon, M. Hayashi, N. Hayashida, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, T. Inadomi, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, H. Iwakura, A. Iwasaki, H. M. Jeong, S. Jeong, C. C.H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalshev, K. Kasahara, S. Kasami, H. Kawai, S. Kawakami, S. Kawana, K. Kawata, Z. Zundel, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. A. Kim, M. H. Kim, S. W. Kim, Y. Kimura, S. Kishigami, Y. Kubota, S. Kurisu, V. Kuzmin, Y. Zhezher, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, K. Machida, H. Matsumiya, T. Matsuyama, J. N. Matthews, R. Mayta, M. Minamino, K. Mukai, I. Myers, S. Nagataki, K. Nakai, R. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, T. Nakamora, Y. Nakamura, A. Nakazawa, E. Nishio, T. Nonaka, H. Oda, S. Ogio, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, Y. Oku, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Ono, R. Onogi, A. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, M. Potts, M. S. Pshirkov

    Proceedings of Science   395   2022.03（ eISSN:1824-8039 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

    We present updated results of the search for the ultra-high energy photons with primary energies greater than 10 EeV. The data of the Telescope Array Surface Detector collected over 11 years are used in this work. The method is based on the machine learning classifier, which is trained on both the reconstructed composition-sensitive parameters of the event and the calibrated waveform signals at each triggered station of the Surface Detector.

  • Effects of Galactic magnetic field on the UHECR anisotropy studies

    Ryo Higuchi, Takashi Sako, Kazumasa Kawata, Toshihiro Fujii, Eiji Kido, R. U. Abbasi, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, Y. Arai, R. Arimura, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, I. Buckland, R. Cady, B. G. Cheon, J. Chiba, M. Chikawa, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, R. Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, R. Fukushima, G. Furlich, R. Gonzalez, W. Hanlon, M. Hayashi, N. Hayashida, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, T. Inadomi, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, H. Iwakura, A. Iwasaki, H. M. Jeong, S. Jeong, C. C.H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, S. Kasami, H. Kawai, S. Kawakami, S. Kawana, K. Kawata, I. Kharuk, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, M. H. Kim, S. W. Kim, Y. Kimura, S. Kishigami, Y. Kubota, S. Kurisu, V. Kuzmin, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, K. Machida, H. Matsumiya, T. Matsuyama, J. N. Matthews, R. Mayta, M. Minamino, K. Mukai, I. Myers, S. Nagataki, K. Nakai, R. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, Y. Nakamura, A. Nakazawa, E. Nishio, T. Nonaka, H. Oda, S. Ogio, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, Y. Oku, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Ono, R. Onogi, A. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, M. Potts, M. S. Pshirkov

    Proceedings of Science   395   2022.03（ eISSN:1824-8039 ）

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    Telescope Array (TA) and Auger experiments reported anisotropies in the arrival direction of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). In particular, Auger Collaboration reported a correlation between UHECR events and the flux model of assumed sources and suggested a contribution of starburst galaxies (SBGs) to the anisotropy of UHECRs. However, in their study, the effect of coherent deflections by the galactic magnetic field (GMF) is not taken into account. In this study, we investigated the effect of the GMF on the arrival directions of UHECRs using the cosmic ray propagation code CRPropa3. We used a backtracking technique which consists of propagating antiparticles to map the flux outside the galaxy to at the earth. We estimate the systematic effects caused by GMF in the reported likelihood analysis. We conduct likelihood analysis for mock UHECR datasets based on the flux pattern through the GMF model. We found systematic decrease of (fani, θ) due to GMF. As prospects for the TAx4 experiment and joint analysis of Auger and TA collaborations, we develop the likelihood analysis method with the convolution of the rigidity spectrum.

  • Hotspot Update, and a new Excess of Events on the Sky Seen by the Telescope Array Experiment

    Jihyun Kim, Dmitri Ivanov, Kazumasa Kawata, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Gordon Thomson, R. U. Abbasi, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, Y. Arai, R. Arimura, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, I. Buckland, R. Cady, B. G. Cheon, J. Chiba, M. Chikawa, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, R. Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, R. Fukushima, G. Furlich, R. Gonzalez, W. Hanlon, M. Hayashi, N. Hayashida, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, T. Inadomi, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, H. Iwakura, A. Iwasaki, H. M. Jeong, S. Jeong, C. C.H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, S. Kasami, H. Kawai, S. Kawakami, S. Kawana, K. Kawata, I. Kharuk, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, M. H. Kim, S. W. Kim, Y. Kimura, S. Kishigami, Y. Kubota, S. Kurisu, V. Kuzmin, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, K. Machida, H. Matsumiya, T. Matsuyama, J. N. Matthews, R. Mayta, M. Minamino, K. Mukai, I. Myers, S. Nagataki, K. Nakai, R. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, Y. Nakamura, A. Nakazawa, E. Nishio, T. Nonaka, H. Oda, S. Ogio, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, Y. Oku, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Ono, R. Onogi, A. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, M. Potts, M. S. Pshirkov

    Proceedings of Science   395   2022.03（ eISSN:1824-8039 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

    The Telescope Array (TA) experiment, the largest observatory studying ultrahigh energy cosmic rays in the northern hemisphere, has reported an excess in the arrival direction distribution for events with energies above 5.7 × 1019 eV, called the hotspot. We report here the latest results of the TA hotspot using the most recent data measured by the TA surface detector array, which is more than doubled exposure since the first publication; the hotspot still exists with 3 sigma post-trial significance. By using an oversampling search with a 20◦-circle, similar to the study of the hotspot, we find an additional excess of events at slightly lower energies. The Perseus-Pisces supercluster lies at the location of the new excess. Assuming this structure is responsible for the excess, we conducted a statistical analysis to verify the correlation between observed events and the members of the Perseus-Pisces supercluster.

  • Observation of variations in cosmic ray single count rates during thunderstorms and implications for large-scale electric field changes

    R. U. Abbasi, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, Y. Arai, R. Arimura, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, I. Buckland, R. Cady, B. G. Cheon, J. Chiba, M. Chikawa, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, R. Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, R. Fukushima, G. Furlich, N. Globus, R. Gonzalez, W. Hanlon, M. Hayashi, N. Hayashida, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, K. Honda, N. Husseini, D. Ikeda, T. Inadomi, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, H. Iwakura, A. Iwasaki, H. M. Jeong, S. Jeong, H. Johnson, C. C.H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, S. Kasami, H. Kawai, S. Kawakami, S. Kawana, K. Kawata, I. Kharuk, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, M. H. Kim, S. W. Kim, Y. Kimura, S. Kishigami, Y. Kubota, S. Kurisu, V. Kuzmin, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, R. Levon, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, K. Machida, H. Matsumiya, T. Matsuyama, J. N. Matthews, R. Mayta, J. Mazich, M. Minamino, K. Mukai, I. Myers, P. Myers, S. Nagataki, K. Nakai, R. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, Y. Nakamura, A. Nakazawa, E. Nishio, T. Nonaka, K. O'Brien, H. Oda, S. Ogio, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, Y. Oku, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Ono, R. Onogi, A. Oshima, S. Ozawa

    Physical Review D   105 ( 6 )   2022.03（ ISSN:2470-0010 ） （ eISSN:2470-0029 ）

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    We present the first observation by the Telescope Array Surface Detector (TASD) of the effect of thunderstorms on the development of cosmic ray single count rate intensity over a 700 km2 area. Observations of variations in the secondary low-energy cosmic ray counting rate, using the TASD, allow us to study the electric field inside thunderstorms, on a large scale, as it progresses on top of the 700 km2 detector, without dealing with the limitation of narrow exposure in time and space using balloons and aircraft detectors. In this work, variations in the cosmic ray intensity (single count rate) using the TASD, were studied and found to be on average at the ~(0.5-1)% and up to 2% level. These observations were found to be both in excess and in deficit. They were also found to be correlated with lightning in addition to thunderstorms. These variations lasted for tens of minutes; their footprint on the ground ranged from 6 km to 24 km in diameter and moved in the same direction as the thunderstorm. With the use of simple electric field models inside the cloud and between cloud to ground, the observed variations in the cosmic ray single count rate were recreated using CORSIKA simulations. Depending on the electric field model used and the direction of the electric field in that model, the electric field magnitude that reproduces the observed low-energy cosmic ray single count rate variations was found to be approximately between 0.2 GV-0.4 GV. This in turn allows us to get a reasonable insight on the electric field and its effect on cosmic ray air showers inside thunderstorms.

    DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevD.105.062002

  • Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays: The Intersection of the Cosmic and Energy Frontiers

    Coleman, A., Eser, J., Mayotte, E., Sarazin, F., Schröder, F. G., Soldin, D., Venters, T. M., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Batista, R. Alves, Bergman, D., Bertaina, M., Caccianiga, L., Deligny, O., Dembinski, H. P., Denton, P. B., di Matteo, A., Globus, N., Glombitza, J., Golup, G., Haungs, A., Hör, el, J. R., Jaffe, T. R., Kelley, J. L., Krizmanic, J. F., Lu, L., Matthews, J. N., Mariş, I., Mussa, R., Oikonomou, F., Pierog, T., Santos, E., Tinyakov, P., Tsunesada, Y., Unger, M., Yushkov, A., Albrow, M. G., Anchordoqui, L. A., Andeen, K., Arnone, E., Barghini, D., Bechtol, E., Bellido, J. A., Casolino, M., Castellina, A., Cazon, L., Conceição, R., Cremonini, R., Dujmovic, H., Engel, R., Farrar, G., Fenu, F., Ferrarese, S., Fujii, T., Gardiol, D., Gritsevich, M., Homola, P., Huege, T., Kampert, K. -H., Kang, D., Kido, E., Klimov, P., Kotera, K., Kozelov, B., Leszczyńska, A., Madsen, J., Marcelli, L., Marisaldi, M., Martineau-Huynh, O., Mayotte, S., Mulrey, K., Murase, K., Muzio, M. S., Ogio, S., Olinto, A. V., Onel, Y., Paul, T., Piotrowski, L., Plum, M., Pont, B., Reininghaus, M., Riedel, B., Riehn, F., Roth, M., Sako, T., Schlüter, F., Shoemaker, D., Sidhu, J., Sidelnik, I., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Veberič, D., Verpoest, S., Verzi, V., Vícha, J., Winn, D., Zas, E., Zotov, M.

    2022

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    The present white paper is submitted as part of the "Snowmass" process to help inform the long-term plans of the United States Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation for high-energy physics. It summarizes the science questions driving the Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic-Ray (UHECR) community and provides recommendations on the strategy to answer them in the next two decades.

    DOI： 10.48550/ARXIV.2205.05845

  • Surface detectors of the TAx4 experiment

    R. U. Abbasi, M. Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, Y. Arai, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, R. Cady, B. G. Cheon, J. Chiba, M. Chikawa, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, R. Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, R. Fukushima, G. Furlich, W. Hanlon, M. Hayashi, N. Hayashida, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, T. Inadomi, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, H. Iwakura, H. M. Jeong, S. Jeong, C. C. H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, S. Kasami, H. Kawai, S. Kawakami, S. Kawana, K. Kawata, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, M. H. Kim, S. W. Kim, Y. Kimura, S. Kishigami, Kuzmin, V, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, K. Machida, H. Matsumiya, T. Matsuyama, J. N. Matthews, R. Mayta, M. Minamino, K. Mukai, Myers, I, S. Nagataki, K. Nakai, R. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, Y. Nakamura, T. Nonaka, H. Oda, S. Ogio, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, Y. Oku, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Ono, R. Onogi, A. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, M. S. Pshirkov, J. Remington, D. C. Rodriguez, G. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, R. Sahara, K. Saito, Y. Saito, N. Sakaki, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, K. Sano, K. Sato, T. Seki, K. Sekino, P. D. Shah, F. Shibata, N. Shibata, T. Shibata, H. Shimodaira, B. K. Shin, H. S. Shin, D. Shinto, J. D. Smith, P. Sokolsky, N. Sone, B. T. Stokes, T. A. Stroman, T. Suzawa, Y. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, M. Takamura, M. Takeda, R. Takeishi, A. Taketa, M. Takita, Y. Tameda, H. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, Y. Tanoue, S. B. Thomas, G. B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, Tkachev, I, H. Tokuno, T. Tomida, S. Troitsky, R. Tsuda, Y. Tsunesada, Y. Uchihori, S. Udo, T. Uehama, F. Urban, T. Wong, K. Yada, M. Yamamoto, K. Yamazaki, J. Yang, K. Yashiro, F. Yoshida, Y. Zhezher, Z. Zundel

    NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT   1019   2021.12（ ISSN:0168-9002 ） （ eISSN:1872-9576 ）

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    Telescope Array (TA) is the largest ultrahigh energy cosmic-ray (UHECR) observatory in the Northern Hemisphere. It explores the origin of UHECRs by measuring their energy spectrum, arrival-direction distribution, and mass composition using a surface detector (SD) array covering approximately 700 km(2) and fluorescence detector (FD) stations. TA has found evidence for a cluster of cosmic rays with energies greater than 57 EeV. In order to confirm this evidence with more data, it is necessary to increase the data collection rate. We have begun building an expansion of TA that we call TAx4. In this paper, we explain the motivation, design, technical features, and expected performance of the TAx4 SD. We also present TAx4's current status and examples of the data that have already been collected.

    DOI： 10.1016/j.nima.2021.165726

  • The status of the TALE surface detector array and TALE infill project

    Shoichi Ogio, Rasha Abbasi, Tareq Abu-Zayyad, Monica Allen, Yuto Arai, Ryuhei Arimura, Elliott Barcikowski, John Belz, Douglas Bergman, Samuel Blake, Robert Cady, ByongGu Cheon, Jyunsei Chiba, Michiyuki Chikawa, Toshihiro Fujii, Kozo Fujisue, Keitaro Fujita, Ryota Fujiwara, Masaki Fukushima, Ryota Fukushima, Greg Furlich, Noemie Globus, Ricardo Gonzalez, William Hanlon, Motoki Hayashi, Naoaki Hayashida, Kinya Hibino, Ryo Higuchi, Ken Honda, Daisuke Ikeda, Taichi Inadomi, Naoya Inoue, Takaaki Ishii, Hirotaka Ito, Dmitri Ivanov, Hirokazu Iwakura, Aoi Iwasaki, Hyoming Jeong, Soomin Jeong, Charlie Jui, Kenichi Kadota, Fumio Kakimoto, Oleg Kalashev, Katsuaki Kasahara, Saori Kasami, Hideyuki Kawai, Saburo Kawakami, Shingo Kawana, Katsumasa Kawata, Ivan Kharuk, Eiji Kido, HangBae Kim, Jihee Kim, Jihyun Kim, Min Hyo Kim, Sang Woo Kim, Yusuke Kimura, Shoichi Kishigami, Yuto Kubota, Shinnosuke Kurisu, Vladim Kuzmin, Mikhail Kuznetsov, Youngjoon Kwon, Kwangho Lee, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Jon Paul Lundquist, Kazuhiro Machida, Hiroyuki Matsumiya, Toshio Matsuyama, John Matthews, Rosa Mayta, Mayuko Minamino, Keijiro Mukai, Isaac Myers, Shigehiro Nagataki, Kei Nakai, Ryo Nakamura, Toru Nakamura, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Yuya Nakamura, Arata Nakazawa, Eiji Nishio, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Hiroyuki Oda, Munehiro Ohnishi, Hideyuki Ohoka, Yuya Oku, Takeshi Okuda, Yugo Omura, Masaomi Ono, Ryota Onogi, Akitoshi Oshima, Shunsuke OZAWA, Il Hung Park, Matt Potts, Maxim Pshirkov, Jackson Remington, Doug Rodriguez, Grigory Rubtsov, Dongsu Ryu, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Ryosuke Sahara, Yasunori Saito, Naoto Sakaki, Takashi Sako, Nobuyuki Sakurai, Kengo Sano, Koki Sato, Terutsugu Seki, Koichi Sekino, Priti Shah, Yuma Shibasaki, Fumiya Shibata, Norimichi Shibata, Tatsunobu Shibata, Hideaki Shimodaira, Bokkyun Shin, Heungsu Shin, Daiki Shinto, Jeremy Smith, Pierre Sokolsky, Naohiro Sone, Ben Stokes, Tom Stroman, Yoshinori Takagi, Yuichi Takahashi, Mai Takamura, Masahiro Takeda, Ryuji Takeishi, Akimichi Taketa, Masato Takita, Yuichiro Tameda, Hideki Tanaka, Koichi Tanaka, Manobu Tanaka, Yuta Tanoue, Stanton Thomas, Gordon Thomson, Petr Tinyakov, Igor Tkachev, Hisono Tokuno, Taka Tomida, Sergey Troitsky, Ryosuke Tsuda, Yoshiki Tsunesada, Yukio Uchihori, Shigeharu Udo, Takafumi Uehama, Federico Urban, Tiffany Wong, Kohei Yada, Mashu Yamamoto, Katsuya Yamazaki, Jongmann Yang, Kenta Yashiro, Fugo Yoshida, Tsubasa Yoshioka, Yana Zhezher, Zach Zundel

    Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)   2021.07

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    Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

    DOI： 10.22323/1.395.0255

  • Observations of the Origin of Downward Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes

    J. W. Belz, P. R. Krehbiel, J. Remington, M. A. Stanley, R. U. Abbasi, R. LeVon, W. Rison, D. Rodeheffer, T. Abu‐Zayyad, M. Allen, E. Barcikowski, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, M. Byrne, R. Cady, B. G. Cheon, M. Chikawa, A. Matteo, T. Fujii, K. Fujita, R. Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, G. Furlich, W. Hanlon, M. Hayashi, Y. Hayashi, N. Hayashida, K. Hibino, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, T. Inadomi, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, H. Iwakura, H. M. Jeong, S. Jeong, C. C. H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, S. Kasami, H. Kawai, S. Kawakami, K. Kawata, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, V. Kuzmin†, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, K. Machida, H. Matsumiya, J. N. Matthews, T. Matuyama, R. Mayta, M. Minamino, K. Mukai, I. Myers, S. Nagataki, K. Nakai, R. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, Y. Nakamura, T. Nonaka, H. Oda, S. Ogio, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, Y. Oku, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Ono, A. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, M. Potts, M. S. Pshirkov, D. C. Rodriguez, G. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, R. Sahara, K. Saito, Y. Saito, N. Sakaki, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, K. Sano, T. Seki, K. Sekino, F. Shibata, T. Shibata, H. Shimodaira, B. K. Shin, H. S. Shin, J. D. Smith, P. Sokolsky, N. Sone, B. T. Stokes, T. A. Stroman, Y. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, M. Takeda, R. Takeishi, A. Taketa, M. Takita, Y. Tameda, K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, Y. Tanoue, S. B. Thomas, G. B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, H. Tokuno, T. Tomida, S. Troitsky, Y. Tsunesada, Y. Uchihori, S. Udo, T. Uehama, F. Urban, M. Wallace, T. Wong, M. Yamamoto, H. Yamaoka, K. Yamazaki, K. Yashiro, M. Yosei, H. Yoshii, Y. Zhezher, Z. Zundel

    Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres   125 ( 23 )   2020.12（ ISSN:2169-897X ） （ eISSN:2169-8996 ）

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    Abstract

    In this paper we report the first close, high‐resolution observations of downward‐directed terrestrial gamma‐ray flashes (TGFs) detected by the large‐area Telescope Array cosmic ray observatory, obtained in conjunction with broadband VHF interferometer and fast electric field change measurements of the parent discharge. The results show that the TGFs occur during strong initial breakdown pulses (IBPs) in the first few milliseconds of negative cloud‐to‐ground and low‐altitude intracloud flashes and that the IBPs are produced by a newly identified streamer‐based discharge process called fast negative breakdown. The observations indicate the relativistic runaway electron avalanches (RREAs) responsible for producing the TGFs are initiated by embedded spark‐like transient conducting events (TCEs) within the fast streamer system and potentially also by individual fast streamers themselves. The TCEs are inferred to be the cause of impulsive sub‐pulses that are characteristic features of classic IBP sferics. Additional development of the avalanches would be facilitated by the enhanced electric field ahead of the advancing front of the fast negative breakdown. In addition to showing the nature of IBPs and their enigmatic sub‐pulses, the observations also provide a possible explanation for the unsolved question of how the streamer to leader transition occurs during the initial negative breakdown, namely, as a result of strong currents flowing in the final stage of successive IBPs, extending backward through both the IBP itself and the negative streamer breakdown preceding the IBP.

    DOI： 10.1029/2019jd031940

    Other URL： https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1029/2019JD031940

  • Measurement of the proton-air cross section with Telescope Array’s Black Rock Mesa and Long Ridge fluorescence detectors, and surface array in hybrid mode

    R. U. Abbasi, M. Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, R. Azuma, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, R. Cady, B. G. Cheon, J. Chiba, M. Chikawa, A. di Matteo, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, R. Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, G. Furlich, W. Hanlon, M. Hayashi, N. Hayashida, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, T. Inadomi, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, R. Ishimori, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, H. Iwakura, H. M. Jeong, S. Jeong, C. C. H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, S. Kasami, H. Kawai, S. Kawakami, S. Kawana, K. Kawata, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, M. H. Kim, S. W. Kim, S. Kishigami, V. Kuzmin, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, K. Machida, H. Matsumiya, T. Matsuyama, J. N. Matthews, R. Mayta, M. Minamino, K. Mukai, I. Myers, S. Nagataki, K. Nakai, R. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, Y. Nakamura, Y. Nakamura, T. Nonaka, H. Oda, S. Ogio, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, Y. Oku, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Ono, R. Onogi, A. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, M. S. Pshirkov, J. Remington, D. C. Rodriguez, G. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, R. Sahara, Y. Saito, N. Sakaki, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, K. Sano, T. Seki, K. Sekino, P. D. Shah, F. Shibata, T. Shibata, H. Shimodaira, B. K. Shin, H. S. Shin, J. D. Smith, P. Sokolsky, N. Sone, B. T. Stokes, T. A. Stroman, T. Suzawa, Y. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, M. Takamura, M. Takeda, R. Takeishi, A. Taketa, M. Takita, Y. Tameda, H. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, Y. Tanoue, S. B. Thomas, G. B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, H. Tokuno, T. Tomida, S. Troitsky, Y. Tsunesada, Y. Uchihori, S. Udo, T. Uehama, F. Urban, T. Wong, K. Yada, M. Yamamoto, K. Yamazaki, J. Yang, K. Yashiro, M. Yosei, Y. Zhezher, Z. Zundel

    Physical Review D   102 ( 6 )   2020.09（ ISSN:2470-0010 ） （ eISSN:2470-0029 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1103/physrevd.102.062004

    Other URL： http://harvest.aps.org/v2/journals/articles/10.1103/PhysRevD.102.062004/fulltext

  • Evidence for a Supergalactic Structure of Magnetic Deflection Multiplets of Ultra-high-energy Cosmic Rays

    R. U. Abbasi, M. Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, R. Azuma, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, R. Cady, B. G. Cheon, J. Chiba, M. Chikawa, A. di Matteo, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, R. Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, G. Furlich, W. Hanlon, M. Hayashi, N. Hayashida, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, T. Inadomi, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, R. Ishimori, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, H. Iwakura, H. M. Jeong, S. Jeong, C. C. H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, S. Kasami, H. Kawai, S. Kawakami, S. Kawana, K. Kawata, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, M. H. Kim, S. W. Kim, S. Kishigami, V. Kuzmin, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, K. Machida, H. Matsumiya, T. Matsuyama, J. N. Matthews, R. Mayta, M. Minamino, K. Mukai, I. Myers, S. Nagataki, K. Nakai, R. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, Y. Nakamura, T. Nonaka, H. Oda, S. Ogio, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, Y. Oku, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Ono, R. Onogi, A. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, M. S. Pshirkov, J. Remington, D. C. Rodriguez, G. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, R. Sahara, Y. Saito, N. Sakaki, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, K. Sano, T. Seki, K. Sekino, P. D. Shah, F. Shibata, T. Shibata, H. Shimodaira, B. K. Shin, H. S. Shin, J. D. Smith, P. Sokolsky, N. Sone, B. T. Stokes, T. A. Stroman, T. Suzawa, Y. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, M. Takamura, R. Takeishi, A. Taketa, M. Takita, Y. Tameda, H. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, Y. Tanoue, S. B. Thomas, G. B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, H. Tokuno, T. Tomida, S. Troitsky, Y. Tsunesada, Y. Uchihori, S. Udo, T. Uehama, F. Urban, T. Wong, K. Yada, M. Yamamoto, K. Yamazaki, J. Yang, K. Yashiro, M. Yosei, Y. Zhezher, Z. Zundel

    The Astrophysical Journal   899 ( 1 )   86 - 86   2020.08（ eISSN:1538-4357 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.3847/1538-4357/aba26c

    Other URL： https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aba26c

  • Search for Ultra-High-Energy Neutrinos with the Telescope Array Surface Detector

    R. U. Abbasi, M. Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, R. Azuma, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, R. Cady, B. G. Cheon, J. Chiba, M. Chikawa, A. di Matteo, T. Fujii, K. Fujita, R. Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, G. Furlich, W. Hanlon, M. Hayashi, Y. Hayashi, N. Hayashida, K. Hibino, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, R. Ishimori, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, H. M. Jeong, S. Jeong, C. C. H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, H. Kawai, S. Kawakami, S. Kawana, K. Kawata, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. Kishigami, S. Kitamura, Y. Kitamura, V. Kuzmin, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, K. Machida, K. Martens, T. Matsuyama, J. N. Matthews, R. Mayta, M. Minamino, K. Mukai, I. Myers, K. Nagasawa, S. Nagataki, K. Nakai, R. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, T. Nonaka, H. Oda, S. Ogio, J. Ogura, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Ono, R. Onogi, A. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, M. S. Pshirkov, J. Remington, D. C. Rodriguez, G. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, R. Sahara, K. Saito, Y. Saito, N. Sakaki, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, L. M. Scott, T. Seki, K. Sekino, P. D. Shah, F. Shibata, T. Shibata, H. Shimodaira, B. K. Shin, H. S. Shin, J. D. Smith, P. Sokolsky, B. T. Stokes, S. R. Stratton, T. A. Stroman, T. Suzawa, Y. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, M. Takamura, M. Takeda, R. Takeishi, A. Taketa, M. Takita, Y. Tameda, H. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, Y. Tanoue, S. B. Thomas, G. B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, H. Tokuno, T. Tomida, S. Troitsky, Y. Tsunesada, K. Tsutsumi, Y. Uchihori, S. Udo, F. Urban, T. Wong, K. Yada, M. Yamamoto, H. Yamaoka, K. Yamazaki, J. Yang, K. Yashiro, H. Yoshii, Y. Zhezher, Z. Zundel

    Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics   131 ( 2 )   255 - 264   2020.08（ ISSN:1063-7761 ） （ eISSN:1090-6509 ）

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    DOI： 10.1134/s106377612005012x

    Other URL： http://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S106377612005012X/fulltext.html

  • Search for Large-scale Anisotropy on Arrival Directions of Ultra-high-energy Cosmic Rays Observed with the Telescope Array Experiment

    R. U. Abbasi, M. Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, M. Allen, R. Azuma, E. Barcikowski, J. W. Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, R. Cady, B. G. Cheon, J. Chiba, M. Chikawa, A. di Matteo, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, R. Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, G. Furlich, W. Hanlon, M. Hayashi, N. Hayashida, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, T. Inadomi, N. Inoue, T. Ishii, R. Ishimori, H. Ito, D. Ivanov, H. Iwakura, H. M. Jeong, S. Jeong, C. C. H. Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, S. Kasami, H. Kawai, S. Kawakami, S. Kawana, K. Kawata, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, M. H. Kim, S. W. Kim, S. Kishigami, V. Kuzmin, M. Kuznetsov, Y. J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, B. Lubsandorzhiev, J. P. Lundquist, K. Machida, H. Matsumiya, T. Matsuyama, J. N. Matthews, R. Mayta, M. Minamino, K. Mukai, I. Myers, S. Nagataki, K. Nakai, R. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, Y. Nakamura, Y. Nakamura, T. Nonaka, H. Oda, S. Ogio, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, Y. Oku, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Ono, R. Onogi, A. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, M. S. Pshirkov, J. Remington, D. C. Rodriguez, G. Rubtsov, D. Ryu, H. Sagawa, R. Sahara, Y. Saito, N. Sakaki, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, K. Sano, T. Seki, K. Sekino, P. D. Shah, F. Shibata, T. Shibata, H. Shimodaira, B. K. Shin, H. S. Shin, J. D. Smith, P. Sokolsky, N. Sone, B. T. Stokes, T. A. Stroman, T. Suzawa, Y. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, M. Takamura, M. Takeda, R. Takeishi, A. Taketa, M. Takita, Y. Tameda, H. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, Y. Tanoue, S. B. Thomas, G. B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, H. Tokuno, T. Tomida, S. Troitsky, Y. Tsunesada, Y. Uchihori, S. Udo, T. Uehama, F. Urban, T. Wong, K. Yada, M. Yamamoto, K. Yamazaki, J. Yang, K. Yashiro, M. Yosei, Y. Zhezher, Z. Zundel

    The Astrophysical Journal   898 ( 2 )   L28 - L28   2020.07（ eISSN:2041-8213 ）

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    DOI： 10.3847/2041-8213/aba0bc

    Other URL： https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/aba0bc

  • Search for point sources of ultra-high-energy photons with the Telescope Array surface detector

    R U Abbasi, M Abe, T Abu-Zayyad, M Allen, R Azuma, E Barcikowski, J W Belz, D R Bergman, S A Blake, R Cady, B G Cheon, J Chiba, M Chikawa, A di Matteo, T Fujii, K Fujita, R Fujiwara, M Fukushima, G Furlich, W Hanlon, M Hayashi, Y Hayashi, N Hayashida, K Hibino, K Honda, D Ikeda, N Inoue, T Ishii, R Ishimori, H Ito, D Ivanov, H M Jeong, S Jeong, C C H Jui, K Kadota, F Kakimoto, O Kalashev, K Kasahara, H Kawai, S Kawakami, S Kawana, K Kawata, E Kido, H B Kim, J H Kim, J H Kim, S Kishigami, V Kuzmin, M Kuznetsov, Y J Kwon, K H Lee, B Lubsandorzhiev, J P Lundquist, K Machida, K Martens, T Matsuyama, J N Matthews, R Mayta, M Minamino, K Mukai, I Myers, S Nagataki, K Nakai, R Nakamura, T Nakamura, T Nonaka, H Oda, S Ogio, M Ohnishi, H Ohoka, T Okuda, Y Omura, M Ono, R Onogi, A Oshima, S Ozawa, I H Park, M S Pshirkov, J Remington, D C Rodriguez, G Rubtsov, D Ryu, H Sagawa, R Sahara, K Saito, Y Saito, N Sakaki, T Sako, N Sakurai, L M Scott, T Seki, K Sekino, P D Shah, F Shibata, T Shibata, H Shimodaira, B K Shin, H S Shin, J D Smith, P Sokolsky, B T Stokes, S R Stratton, T A Stroman, T Suzawa, Y Takagi, Y Takahashi, M Takamura, M Takeda, R Takeishi, A Taketa, M Takita, Y Tameda, H Tanaka, K Tanaka, M Tanaka, Y Tanoue, S B Thomas, G B Thomson, P Tinyakov, I Tkachev, H Tokuno, T Tomida, S Troitsky, Y Tsunesada, K Tsutsumi, Y Uchihori, S Udo, F Urban, T Wong, K Yada, M Yamamoto, H Yamaoka, K Yamazaki, J Yang, K Yashiro, H Yoshii, Y Zhezher, Z Zundel

    Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society   492 ( 3 )   3984 - 3993   2020.03（ ISSN:0035-8711 ） （ eISSN:1365-2966 ）

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    <title>ABSTRACT</title>
    The surface detector (SD) of the Telescope Array (TA) experiment allows us to detect indirectly photons with energies of the order of 1018 eV and higher, and to separate photons from the cosmic ray background. In this paper, we present the results of a blind search for point sources of ultra-high-energy (UHE) photons in the Northern sky using the TA SD data. The photon-induced extensive air showers are separated from the hadron-induced extensive air shower background by means of a multivariate classifier based upon 16 parameters that characterize the air shower events. No significant evidence for the photon point sources is found. The upper limits are set on the flux of photons from each particular direction in the sky within the TA field of view, according to the experiment’s angular resolution for photons. The average 95 per cent confidence level upper-limits for the point-source flux of photons with energies greater than 1018, 1018.5, 1019, 1019.5 and 1020 eV are 0.094, 0.029, 0.010, 0.0073 and 0.0058 km−2yr−1, respectively. For energies higher than 1018.5 eV, the photon point-source limits are set for the first time. Numerical results for each given direction in each energy range are provided as a supplement to this paper.

    DOI： 10.1093/mnras/stz3618

  • ПОИСК НЕЙТРИНО УЛЬТРАВЫСОКИХ ЭНЕРГИЙ ПО ДАННЫМ НАЗЕМНОЙ РЕШЕТКИ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТА TELESCOPE ARRAY

    R. U. ABBASI, M. ABE, T. ABU-ZAYYAD, M. ALLEN, R. AZUMA, E. BARCIKOWSKI, J. W. BELZ, D. R. BERGMAN, S. A. BLAKE, R. CADY, B. G. CHEON, J. CHIBA, M. CHIKAWA, A. DI MATTEO, T. FUJII, K. FUJITA, R. FUJIWARA, M. FUKUSHIMA, G. FURLICH, W. HANLON, M. HAYASHI, Y. HAYASHI, N. HAYASHIDA, K. HIBINO, K. HONDA, D. IKEDA, N. INOUE, T. ISHII, R. ISHIMORI, H. ITO, D. IVANOV, H. M. JEONG, S. JEONG, C. C. H. JUI, K. KADOTA, F. KAKIMOTO, O. KALASHEV, K. KASAHARA, H. KAWAI, S. KAWAKAMI, S. KAWANA, K. KAWATA, E. KIDO, H. B. KIM, JI HEE KIM, JIHYUN KIM, S. KISHIGAMI, S. KITAMURA, Y. KITAMURA, V. KUZMIN, M. KUZNETSOV, Y. J. KWON, K. H. LEE, B. LUBSANDORZHIEV, J. P. LUNDQUIST, K. MACHIDA, K. MARTENS, T. MATSUYAMA, J. N. MATTHEWS, R. MAYTA, M. MINAMINO, K. MUKAI, I. MYERS, K. NAGASAWA, S. NAGATAKI, K. NAKAI, R. NAKAMURA, T. NAKAMURA, T. NONAKA, H. ODA, S. OGIO, J. OGURA, M. OHNISHI, H. OHOKA, T. OKUDA, Y. OMURA, M. ONO, R. ONOGI, A. OSHIMA, S. OZAWA, I. H. PARK, M. S. PSHIRKOV, J. REMINGTON, D. C. RODRIGUEZ, G. RUBTSOV, D. RYU, H. SAGAWA, R. SAHARA, K. SAITO, Y. SAITO, N. SAKAKI, T. SAKO, N. SAKURAI, L. M. SCOTT, T. SEKI, K. SEKINO, P. D. SHAH, F. SHIBATA, T. SHIBATA, H. SHIMODAIRA, B. K. SHIN, H. S. SHIN, J. D. SMITH, P. SOKOLSKY, B. T. STOKES, S. R. STRATTON, T. A. STROMAN, T. SUZAWA, Y. TAKAGI, Y. TAKAHASHI, M. TAKAMURA, M. TAKEDA, R. TAKEISHI, A. TAKETA, M. TAKITA, Y. TAMEDA, H. TANAKA, K. TANAKA, M. TANAKA, Y. TANOUE, S. B. THOMAS, G. B. THOMSON, P. TINYAKOV, I. TKACHEV, H. TOKUNO, T. TOMIDA, S. TROITSKY, Y. TSUNESADA, K. TSUTSUMI, Y. UCHIHORI, S. UDO, F. URBAN, T. WONG, K. YADA, M. YAMAMOTO, H. YAMAOKA, K. YAMAZAKI, J. YANG, K. YASHIRO, H. YOSHII, Y. ZHEZHER, Z. ZUNDEL

    ЖУРНАЛ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЙ И ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКОЙ ФИЗИКИ   158 ( 2(8) )   282 - 294   2020（ ISSN:0044-4510 ）

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    DOI： 10.31857/s0044451020080052

  • Ultra-violet imaging of the night-time earth by EUSO-Balloon towards space-based ultra-high energy cosmic ray observations Reviewed

    G. Abdellaoui, S. Abe, J. H. Adams, A. Ahriche, D. Allard, L. Allen, G. Alonso, L. Anchordoqui, A. Anzalone, Y. Arai, K. Asano, R. Attallah, H. Attoui, M. Ave Pernas, S. Bacholle, M. Bakiri, P. Baragatti, P. Barrillon, S. Bartocci, J. Bayer, B. Beldjilali, T. Belenguer, N. Belkhalfa, R. Bellotti, A. Belov, K. Belov, K. Benmessai, M. Bertaina, P. L. Biermann, S. Biktemerova, F. Bisconti, N. Blanc, J. Błȩcki, S. Blin-Bondil, P. Bobik, M. Bogomilov, E. Bozzo, S. Briz, A. Bruno, K. S. Caballero, F. Cafagna, D. Campana, J. N. Capdevielle, F. Capel, A. Caramete, L. Caramete, P. Carlson, R. Caruso, M. Casolino, C. Cassardo, A. Castellina, C. Catalano, O. Catalano, A. Cellino, M. Chikawa, G. Chiritoi, M. J. Christl, V. Connaughton, L. Conti, G. Cordero, G. Cotto, H. J. Crawford, R. Cremonini, S. Csorna, A. Cummings, S. Dagoret-Campagne, A. J. de Castro, C. De Donato, C. de la Taille, C. De Santis, L. del Peral, M. Di Martino, A. Diaz Damian, T. Djemil, I. Dutan, A. Ebersoldt, T. Ebisuzaki, R. Engel, J. Eser, F. Fenu, S. Fernández-González, S. Ferrarese, M. Flamini, C. Fornaro, M. Fouka, A. Franceschi, S. Franchini, C. Fuglesang, T. Fujii, J. Fujimoto, M. Fukushima, P. Galeotti, E. García-Ortega, G. Garipov, E. Gascón, J. Genci, G. Giraudo, C. González Alvarado, P. Gorodetzky, R. Greg

    Astroparticle Physics   111   54 - 71   2019.09（ ISSN:0927-6505 ）

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    © 2018 The JEM-EUSO (Joint Experiment Missions for the Extreme Universe Space Observatory) program aims at developing Ultra-Violet (UV) fluorescence telescopes for efficient detections of Extensive Air Showers (EASs) induced by Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) from satellite orbit. In order to demonstrate key technologies for JEM-EUSO, we constructed the EUSO-Balloon instrument that consists of a ∼1 m 2 refractive telescope with two Fresnel lenses and an array of multi-anode photo-multiplier tubes at the focus. Distinguishing it from the former balloon-borne experiments, EUSO-Balloon has the capabilities of single photon counting with a gate time of 2.3 µs and of imaging with a total of 2304 pixels. As a pathfinder mission, the instrument was launched for an 8 h stratospheric flight on a moonless night in August 2014 over Timmins, Canada. In this work, we analyze the count rates over ∼2.5 h intervals. The measurements are of diffuse light, e.g. of airglow emission, back-scattered from the Earth's atmosphere as well as artificial light sources. Count rates from such diffuse light are a background for EAS detections in future missions and relevant factor for the analysis of EAS events. We also obtain the geographical distribution of the count rates over a ∼780 km 2 area along the balloon trajectory. In developed areas, light sources such as the airport, mines, and factories are clearly identified. This demonstrates the correct location of signals that will be required for the EAS analysis in future missions. Although a precise determination of count rates is relevant for the existing instruments, the absolute intensity of diffuse light is deduced for the limited conditions by assuming spectra models and considering simulations of the instrument response. Based on the study of diffuse light by EUSO-Balloon, we also discuss the implications for coming pathfinders and future space-based UHECR observation missions.

    DOI： 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2018.10.008

  • Constraints on the diffuse photon flux with energies above 10 <sup>18</sup> eV using the surface detector of the Telescope Array experiment Reviewed

    Abbasi, R.U., Abe, M., Abu-Zayyad, T., Allen, M., Azuma, R., Barcikowski, E., Belz, J.W., Bergman, D.R., Blake, S.A., Cady, R., Cheon, B.G., Chiba, J., Chikawa, M., di Matteo, A., Fujii, T., Fujita, K., Fukushima, M., Furlich, G., Goto, T., Hanlon, W., Hayashi, M., Hayashi, Y., Hayashida, N., Hibino, K., Honda, K., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Ishii, T., Ishimori, R., Ito, H., Ivanov, D., Jeong, H.M., Jeong, S., Jui, C.C.H., Kadota, K., Kakimoto, F., Kalashev, O., Kasahara, K., Kawai, H., Kawakami, S., Kawana, S., Kawata, K., Kido, E., Kim, H.B., Kim, J.H., Kishigami, S., Kitamura, S., Kitamura, Y., Kuzmin, V., Kuznetsov, M., Kwon, Y.J., Lee, K.H., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lundquist, J.P., Machida, K., Martens, K., Matsuyama, T., Matthews, J.N., Mayta, R., Minamino, M., Mukai, K., Myers, I., Nagasawa, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, R., Nakamura, T., Nonaka, T., Oda, H., Ogio, S., Ogura, J., Ohnishi, M., Ohoka, H., Okuda, T., Omura, Y., Ono, M., Onogi, R., Oshima, A., Ozawa, S., Park, I.H., Piskunov, M.S., Pshirkov, M.S., Remington, J., Rodriguez, D.C., Rubtsov, G.I., Ryu, D., Sagawa, H., Sahara, R., Saito, K., Saito, Y., Sakaki, N., Sakurai, N., Scott, L.M., Seki, T., Sekino, K., Shah, P.D., Shibata, F., Shibata, T., Shimodaira, H., Shin, B.K., Shin, H.S., Smith, J.D., Sokolsky, P., Stokes, B.T., Stratton, S.R., Stroman, T.A., Suzawa, T., Takagi, Y., Takahashi, Y., Takamura, M., Takeda, M., Takeishi, R., Taketa, A., Takita, M., Tameda, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Thomas, S.B., Thomson, G.B., Tinyakov, P., Tkachev, I., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Troitsky, S., Tsunesada, Y., Tsutsumi, K., Uchihori, Y., Udo, S., Urban, F., Wong, T., Yamamoto, M., Yamane, R., Yamaoka, H., Yamazaki, K., Yang, J., Yashiro, K., Yoneda, Y., Yoshida, S., Yoshii, H., Zhezher, Y., Zundel, Z.

    Astroparticle Physics   110   2019

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    DOI： 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2019.03.003

  • Mass composition of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays with the Telescope Array Surface Detector data Reviewed

    Abbasi, R.U., Abe, M., Abu-Zayyad, T., Allen, M., Azuma, R., Barcikowski, E., Belz, J.W., Bergman, D.R., Blake, S.A., Cady, R., Cheon, B.G., Chiba, J., Chikawa, M., Di Matteo, A., Fujii, T., Fujita, K., Fukushima, M., Furlich, G., Goto, T., Hanlon, W., Hayashi, M., Hayashi, Y., Hayashida, N., Hibino, K., Honda, K., Ikeda, D., Inoue, N., Ishii, T., Ishimori, R., Ito, H., Ivanov, D., Jeong, H.M., Jeong, S., Jui, C.C.H., Kadota, K., Kakimoto, F., Kalashev, O., Kasahara, K., Kawai, H., Kawakami, S., Kawana, S., Kawata, K., Kido, E., Kim, H.B., Kim, J.H., Kim, J.H., Kishigami, S., Kitamura, S., Kitamura, Y., Kuzmin, V., Kuznetsov, M., Kwon, Y.J., Lee, K.H., Lubsandorzhiev, B., Lundquist, J.P., Machida, K., Martens, K., Matsuyama, T., Matthews, J.N., Mayta, R., Minamino, M., Mukai, K., Myers, I., Nagasawa, K., Nagataki, S., Nakamura, R., Nakamura, T., Nonaka, T., Oda, H., Ogio, S., Ogura, J., Ohnishi, M., Ohoka, H., Okuda, T., Omura, Y., Ono, M., Onogi, R., Oshima, A., Ozawa, S., Park, I.H., Piskunov, M.S., Pshirkov, M.S., Remington, J., Rodriguez, D.C., Rubtsov, G., Ryu, D., Sagawa, H., Sahara, R., Saito, K., Saito, Y., Sakaki, N., Sakurai, N., Scott, L.M., Seki, T., Sekino, K., Shah, P.D., Shibata, F., Shibata, T., Shimodaira, H., Shin, B.K., Shin, H.S., Smith, J.D., Sokolsky, P., Stokes, B.T., Stratton, S.R., Stroman, T.A., Suzawa, T., Takagi, Y., Takahashi, Y., Takamura, M., Takeda, M., Takeishi, R., Taketa, A., Takita, M., Tameda, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Thomas, S.B., Thomson, G.B., Tinyakov, P., Tkachev, I., Tokuno, H., Tomida, T., Troitsky, S., Tsunesada, Y., Tsutsumi, K., Uchihori, Y., Udo, S., Urban, F., Wong, T., Yada, K., Yamamoto, M., Yamane, R., Yamaoka, H., Yamazaki, K., Yang, J., Yashiro, K., Yoneda, Y., Yoshida, S., Yoshii, H., Zhezher, Y., Zundel, Z.

    Physical Review D   99 ( 2 )   2019

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    DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevD.99.022002

  • Overview of the Auger@TA project and preliminary results from Phase I

    Fred Sarazin, Corbin Covault, Toshihiro Fujii, Robert Halliday, Jeffrey Johnsen, Ryan Lorek, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Sean Quinn, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Takashi Sako, Ricardo Sato, David Schmidt, Ryuji Takeishi

    ULTRA HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS 2018 (UHECR 2018)   210   2019（ ISSN:2100-014X ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

    We report on the first results of a unique in-situ experimental cross-calibration effort of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory and of the Telescope Array experiment (Auger@TA). In the first phase of Auger@TA, we performed surface detector station-to-station comparisons for a collection of extensive air showers landing near the experimental setup and detected by Telescope Array. Beyond the deduced cross-calibration curve between the Water-Cherenkov-based Auger and Scintillator-based TA Surface Detector stations, we also investigate the consistency of their response for individual reconstructed showers. The dataset is currently too small to draw firm conclusions as-of-yet. Hence, phase I data taking will continue even as we gear up for the deployment of an Auger micro-array within Telescope Array as part of Phase II of this work.

    DOI： 10.1051/epjconf/201921005002

  • TA Anisotropy Summary

    K. Kawata, A. di Matteo, T. Fujii, D. Ivanov, C.C.H. Jui, J.P. Lundquist, J.N. Matthews, S. Ogio, H. Sagawa, G.B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, S. Troitsky

    EPJ Web of Conferences   210   01004 - 01004   2019（ eISSN:2100-014X ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    The Telescope Array (TA) is the largest ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray (UHECR) detector in the northern hemisphere. It consists of an array of 507 surface detectors (SD) covering a total 700 km<sup>2</sup> and three fluorescence detector stations overlooking the SD array. In this proceedings, we summarize recent results on the search for directional anisotropy of UHECRs using the latest dataset collected by the TA SD array. We obtained hints of the anisotropy of the UHECRs in the northern sky from the various analyses.

    DOI： 10.1051/epjconf/201921001004

  • The Auger@TA Project: Phase II Progress and Plans

    Corbin Covault, Toshihiro Fujii, Robert Halliday, Jeffrey Johnsen, Ryan Lorek, Toshiyuki Nonaka, Sean Quinn, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Takashi Sako, Fred Sarazin, Ricardo Satos, David Schmidt, Ryuji Takeishi

    ULTRA HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS 2018 (UHECR 2018)   210   2019（ ISSN:2100-014X ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

    The Auger@TA project is a combined effort involving members of both the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array experiment (TA) to cross-calibrate detectors and compare results on air showers detected at one location. We have recently reported results from Phase I of the project, during which we collected and presented data from two Auger water Cherenkov surface detector stations deployed into the TA experiment near the Central Laser Facility. For Phase II, we will deploy a micro-array of six or seven single-PMT Auger surface detector stations co-located with TA scintillator surface detector stations. The Auger micro-array will trigger and collect data independently from the TA allowing for a complete end-to-end comparison of detector data, calibration, and reconstructed event quantities on a shower-by-shower basis between the TA and Auger detector systems. We describe progress towards development of the micro-array for Phase II including the preparation of surface detector water tanks, station electronics, wireless communications, triggers, and data acquisition. We also outline plans for deploying the Auger@TA micro-array into the TA experiment in 2019 with preliminary estimates for coincident air-shower rates.

    DOI： 10.1051/epjconf/201921005004

  • Updated results on the UHECR hotspot observed by the telescope array experiment

    K. Kawata, A. di Matteo, T. Fujii, D. Ikeda, D. Ivanov, C. C.H. Jui, E. Kido, J. P. Lundquist, J. N. Matthews, S. Nagataki, T. Nonaka, S. Ogio, T. Okuda, G. Rubtsov, H. Sagawa, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, M. Takeda, R. Takeishi, A. Taketa, G. B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, S. Troitsky

    Proceedings of Science   358   2019（ eISSN:1824-8039 ）

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    Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

    The Telescope Array Experiment has observed an indication of intermediate-scale anisotropy in the UHECR arrival directions, called the Hotspot, with E > 57 EeV around the Ursa Major using the first 5-year data during a period between May 2008 and May 2013 collected by the TA surface detector array. The chance probability of this hotspot in an isotropic cosmic-ray sky was calculated to be 3.4s (post trial). In this paper, we will report on an update of this result using the 11-year data collected by the TA surface detectors with more than doubled exposure since the first publication.

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Books and Other Publications

MISC

  • TA experiment 433:Analysis of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the TALE-SD array: 4

    古前壱朗, 敷田淳, 河内祐輔, 古坊龍一, 中原美紅, 遠藤康平, BRADFIELD F.W., 櫻井駿介, 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, SHIN H.S., 荻尾彰一, 藤田慧太郎, 大島仁, 高橋薫, 小山千里, 木戸英治, 竹田成宏, 野中敏幸, 佐川宏行, 大岡秀行, 多米田裕一郎, 小森康平, 楠森優貴, 岩上拓生, 中山侑哉, 坂本琉之助, 冨田孝幸, 佐藤大輝, 水野航太, 中山翼, 松澤碧, 有働慈治, 池田大輔, 細野甚八, 榊直人, 樋口諒, 奥田剛司, 山崎勝也, 藤末紘三, 常定芳基, 常定芳基

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   80 ( 1 )   2025（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • GCOS5:極高エネルギー宇宙線観測用の新型大気蛍光望遠鏡での再構成プログラム開発と最新成果

    BRADFIELD F., 藤井俊博, 櫻井駿介, 橘春花, HAMAL P., KMEC J.

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   80 ( 1 )   2025（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • GCOS2: On Surface Detectors for the GCOS

    木戸英治, 木戸英治, 大島仁, 小山千里, 高橋薫, 竹田成宏, 冨田孝幸, 樋口諒, 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, 藤末紘三

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   80 ( 1 )   2025（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • GCOS4: Progress report on the demonstration of stereo observation with the nextgeneration fluorescence detector

    櫻井駿介, BRADFIELD F., 藤井俊博, 長澤広武, 難波宏樹, 橘春花, 武多昭道, 寺内健太, ALBURY J., BELLIDO J., CHYTKA L., FARMER J., HAMAL P., HORVATH P., HRABOVSKY M., JILEK V., KMEC J., KVITA J., MALACARI M., MANDAT D., MASTRODICASA M., MATTHEWS J., MICHALF S., NIECHCIOL M., NOZKA L., PALATKA M., PECH M., PRIVITERA P., SALAMIDA F., SCHOVANEK P., SMIDA R., STANIK D., SVOZILIKOVA Z., THOMAS S., TRAVNICEK P., VECULA M.

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   80 ( 1 )   2025（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • GCOS1:Global Cosmic Ray Observatory(GCOS)の構想と全体報告

    藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, 池田大輔, 一方井祐子, 大島仁, 大平豊, 岡崎奈緒, 荻尾彰一, 木戸英治, 木戸英治, 小松晃一, 小山千里, 坂本琉之助, 佐川宏行, 櫻井駿介, さこ隆志, 高橋薫, 竹田成宏, 橘春花, 多米田裕一郎, 常定芳基, 常定芳基, 冨田孝幸, 服部拓彦, 樋口諒, 藤末紘三, 藤田慧太郎, FRASER Bradfield, 毛受弘彰, 山崎勝也

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   80 ( 1 )   2025（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • TA experiment 433:Analysis of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the TALE-SD array: 4

    古前壱朗, 敷田淳, 河内祐輔, 古坊龍一, 中原美紅, 遠藤康平, BRADFIELD F.W., 櫻井駿介, 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, SHIN H.S., 荻尾彰一, 藤田慧太郎, 大島仁, 高橋薫, 小山千里, 木戸英治, 竹田成宏, 野中敏幸, 佐川宏行, 大岡秀行, 多米田裕一郎, 小森康平, 楠森優貴, 岩上拓生, 中山侑哉, 坂本琉之助, 冨田孝幸, 佐藤大輝, 水野航太, 中山翼, 松澤碧, 有働慈治, 池田大輔, 細野甚八, 榊直人, 樋口諒, 奥田剛司, 山崎勝也, 藤末紘三, 常定芳基, 常定芳基

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   80 ( 1 )   2025（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • GCOS5:極高エネルギー宇宙線観測用の新型大気蛍光望遠鏡での再構成プログラム開発と最新成果

    BRADFIELD F., 藤井俊博, 櫻井駿介, 橘春花, HAMAL P., KMEC J.

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   80 ( 1 )   2025（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • GCOS4: Progress report on the demonstration of stereo observation with the nextgeneration fluorescence detector

    櫻井駿介, BRADFIELD F., 藤井俊博, 長澤広武, 難波宏樹, 橘春花, 武多昭道, 寺内健太, ALBURY J., BELLIDO J., CHYTKA L., FARMER J., HAMAL P., HORVATH P., HRABOVSKY M., JILEK V., KMEC J., KVITA J., MALACARI M., MANDAT D., MASTRODICASA M., MATTHEWS J., MICHALF S., NIECHCIOL M., NOZKA L., PALATKA M., PECH M., PRIVITERA P., SALAMIDA F., SCHOVANEK P., SMIDA R., STANIK D., SVOZILIKOVA Z., THOMAS S., TRAVNICEK P., VECULA M.

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   80 ( 1 )   2025（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • GCOS2: On Surface Detectors for the GCOS

    木戸英治, 木戸英治, 大島仁, 小山千里, 高橋薫, 竹田成宏, 冨田孝幸, 樋口諒, 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, 藤末紘三

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   80 ( 1 )   2025（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • GCOS1:Global Cosmic Ray Observatory(GCOS)の構想と全体報告

    藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, 池田大輔, 一方井祐子, 大島仁, 大平豊, 岡崎奈緒, 荻尾彰一, 木戸英治, 木戸英治, 小松晃一, 小山千里, 坂本琉之助, 佐川宏行, 櫻井駿介, さこ隆志, 高橋薫, 竹田成宏, 橘春花, 多米田裕一郎, 常定芳基, 常定芳基, 冨田孝幸, 服部拓彦, 樋口諒, 藤末紘三, 藤田慧太郎, FRASER Bradfield, 毛受弘彰, 山崎勝也

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   80 ( 1 )   2025（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • Development of surface detector array for Air-shower Lensing Observatory at High Altitude

    古坊龍一, SHIN H. S., SHIN H. S., 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, BRADFIELD Fraser, 川野元聡, 小池美知太郎, 宮崎聡

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • Development of a wavelength-shifting fiber-based light collector for the next generation neutrino telescope IceCube-Gen2

    小林拓郎, 石井達希, 太田新一郎, 常定芳基, 常定芳基, 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, 石原安野, 清水伸宏, FARRAG Kareem, 保科琴代

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • 天与の加速器からの「アマテラス粒子」の検出

    藤井俊博, 藤井俊博

    高エネルギーニュース(Web)   42 ( 4 )   2024

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  • Development of surface detector array for the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam

    古坊龍一, SHIN H.S., SHIN H.S., 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, BRADFIELD Fraser, 川野元聡, 小池美知太郎, 宮崎聡

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 1 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • An Extremely Energetic Cosmic Ray Detected by the Telescope Array Experiment, Dubbed “Amaterasu Particle”

    藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, 木戸英治, 樋口諒, 藤田慧太郎

    日本物理学会誌   79 ( 9 )   2024（ ISSN:0029-0181 ）

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  • 「アマテラス粒子」の検出

    藤井俊博, 藤井俊博

    科学   94 ( 5 )   2024（ ISSN:0022-7625 ）

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  • TA experiment 426: Xmax analysis of TAx4 hybrid data

    楠森優貴, 多米田裕一郎, 小森康平, 坂本琉之助, 中山侑哉, 藤田慧太郎, 荻尾彰一, さこ隆志, 大島仁, 藤末紘三, 竹田成宏, 常定芳基, 藤井俊博, 櫻井駿介, SHIN H., 冨田孝幸, 有働慈治

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • TA experiment 423:Analysis of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the TALE-SD array: 3

    古前壱朗, 敷田淳, 河内祐輔, 古坊龍一, 中原美紅, BRADFIELD F.W., 櫻井駿介, 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, SHIN H.S., 荻尾彰一, 藤田慧太郎, 大島仁, 高橋薫, 小山千里, 竹田成宏, 野中敏幸, 佐川宏行, 大岡秀行, 多米田裕一郎, 冨田孝幸, 佐藤大輝, 水野航太, 中山翼, 有働慈治, 池田大輔, 木戸英治, 榊直人, 奥田剛司, 常定芳基, 常定芳基

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • TA experiment 421: Performance evaluation and data analysis of the TALE-infill SD Array

    河内祐輔, 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, 藤田慧太郎, 古前壱朗, 荻尾彰一, 櫻井駿介, さこ隆志, 敷田淳, SHIN H.S., 竹田成宏, 多米田裕一郎, 冨田孝幸, 常定芳基, 常定芳基, 有働慈治

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • TA experiment 418: TALE-infill SD operation status and real data analysis

    河内祐輔, 有村龍平, BRADFIELD F.W., 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, 藤田慧太郎, 池田大輔, 岩崎葵, 加藤晴香, 木戸英治, 古坊龍一, 古前壱朗, 中原美紅, 松澤碧, 難波宏樹, 野中敏幸, 荻尾彰一, 大岡秀行, 奥田剛司, 大島仁, 佐川宏行, 榊直人, 櫻井駿介, さこ隆志, 佐藤大輝, 関野幸市, 敷田淳, SHIN H.S., 竹田成宏, 多米田裕一郎, 冨田孝幸, 常定芳基, 常定芳基, 有働慈治

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 1 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • TA experiment 417: Analysis of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the TALE-SD array: 2

    古前壱朗, 敷田淳, 河内祐輔, 古坊龍一, 中原美紅, BRADFIELD F.W., 櫻井駿介, 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, SHIN H.S., 荻尾彰一, 藤田慧太郎, 大島仁, 高橋薫, 小山千里, 竹田成宏, 野中敏幸, 佐川宏行, 大岡秀行, 多米田裕一郎, 高木勇太朗, 加藤晴香, 坂本琉之助, 冨田孝幸, 阿部泰明, 日比亮佑, 佐藤大輝, 水野航太, 黒岩美羽, 小松晃一, 松澤碧, 中山翼, 有働慈治, 池田大輔, 木戸英治, 榊直人, 奥田剛司, 難波宏樹, 常定芳基, 常定芳基

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 1 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • Status of Investigating Solar Axion by Iron-57, ISAI experiment and cosmic ray BG study

    松田真宗, 小貫良行, 井上慶純, 藤井俊博, 池田智法, 鶴剛, 榎戸輝揚, 穴澤萌衣, 上ノ町水紀, 身内賢太朗, 武田彩希, 島添健次

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • TA experiment 412: Estimate of analysis accuracy and status of data analysis for TAx4

    楠森優貴, 多米田裕一郎, 小森康平, 坂本琉之助, 藤田慧太郎, 荻尾彰一, さこ隆志, 大島仁, 藤末紘三, 竹田成宏, 常定芳基, 藤井俊博, 櫻井駿介, SHIN H., 冨田孝幸, 有働慈治

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 1 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • FAST Experiment 19: Report of on-site PMT calibrations and new electronics developments

    櫻井駿介, BRADFIELD F., 藤井俊博, 長澤広武, 難波宏樹, 武多昭道, 寺内健太, ALBURY J., BELLIDO J., CHYTKA L., FARMER J., HAMAL P., HORVATH P., HRABOVSKY M., JILEK V., KMEC J., KVITA J., MALACARI M., MANDAT D., MASTRODICASA M., MATTHEWS J., MICHAL S., NIECHCIOL M., NOZKA L., PALATKA M., PECH M., PRIVITERA P., SALAMIDA F., SCHOVANEK P., SMIDA R., STANIK D., SVOZILIKOVA Z., THOMAS S., TRAVNICEK P., VACULA M.

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • FAST実験18:FASTの実データ解析と小アレイに向けた機械学習の検討

    BRADFIELD F., 藤井俊博, 長澤広武, 難波宏樹, 櫻井駿介, 武多昭道, 寺内健太, ALBURY J., BELLIDO J., CHYTKA L., FARMER J., HAMAL P., HORVATH P., HRABOVSKY M., JILEK V., KMEC J., KVITA J., MALACARI M., MANDAT D., MASTRODICASA M., MATTHEWS J., MICHAL S., NIECHCIOL M., NOZKA L., PALATKA M., PECH M., PRIVITERA P., SALAMIDA F., SCHOVANEK P., SMIDA R., STANIK D., SVOZILIKOVA Z., THOMAS S., TRAVNICEK P., VACULA M.

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • Development of surface detector array for Air-shower Lensing Observatory at High Altitude

    古坊龍一, SHIN H. S., SHIN H. S., 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, BRADFIELD Fraser, 川野元聡, 小池美知太郎, 宮崎聡

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • Development of a wavelength-shifting fiber-based light collector for the next generation neutrino telescope IceCube-Gen2

    小林拓郎, 石井達希, 太田新一郎, 常定芳基, 常定芳基, 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, 石原安野, 清水伸宏, FARRAG Kareem, 保科琴代

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • 天与の加速器からの「アマテラス粒子」の検出

    藤井俊博, 藤井俊博

    高エネルギーニュース(Web)   42 ( 4 )   2024

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  • An Extremely Energetic Cosmic Ray Detected by the Telescope Array Experiment, Dubbed “Amaterasu Particle”

    藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, 木戸英治, 樋口諒, 藤田慧太郎

    日本物理学会誌   79 ( 9 )   2024（ ISSN:0029-0181 ）

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  • Development of surface detector array for the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam

    古坊龍一, SHIN H.S., SHIN H.S., 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, BRADFIELD Fraser, 川野元聡, 小池美知太郎, 宮崎聡

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 1 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • 「アマテラス粒子」の検出

    藤井俊博, 藤井俊博

    科学   94 ( 5 )   2024（ ISSN:0022-7625 ）

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  • TA experiment 426: Xmax analysis of TAx4 hybrid data

    楠森優貴, 多米田裕一郎, 小森康平, 坂本琉之助, 中山侑哉, 藤田慧太郎, 荻尾彰一, さこ隆志, 大島仁, 藤末紘三, 竹田成宏, 常定芳基, 藤井俊博, 櫻井駿介, SHIN H., 冨田孝幸, 有働慈治

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • TA experiment 423:Analysis of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the TALE-SD array: 3

    古前壱朗, 敷田淳, 河内祐輔, 古坊龍一, 中原美紅, BRADFIELD F.W., 櫻井駿介, 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, SHIN H.S., 荻尾彰一, 藤田慧太郎, 大島仁, 高橋薫, 小山千里, 竹田成宏, 野中敏幸, 佐川宏行, 大岡秀行, 多米田裕一郎, 冨田孝幸, 佐藤大輝, 水野航太, 中山翼, 有働慈治, 池田大輔, 木戸英治, 榊直人, 奥田剛司, 常定芳基, 常定芳基

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • TA experiment 421: Performance evaluation and data analysis of the TALE-infill SD Array

    河内祐輔, 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, 藤田慧太郎, 古前壱朗, 荻尾彰一, 櫻井駿介, さこ隆志, 敷田淳, SHIN H.S., 竹田成宏, 多米田裕一郎, 冨田孝幸, 常定芳基, 常定芳基, 有働慈治

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • TA experiment 418: TALE-infill SD operation status and real data analysis

    河内祐輔, 有村龍平, BRADFIELD F.W., 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, 藤田慧太郎, 池田大輔, 岩崎葵, 加藤晴香, 木戸英治, 古坊龍一, 古前壱朗, 中原美紅, 松澤碧, 難波宏樹, 野中敏幸, 荻尾彰一, 大岡秀行, 奥田剛司, 大島仁, 佐川宏行, 榊直人, 櫻井駿介, さこ隆志, 佐藤大輝, 関野幸市, 敷田淳, SHIN H.S., 竹田成宏, 多米田裕一郎, 冨田孝幸, 常定芳基, 常定芳基, 有働慈治

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 1 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • TA experiment 417: Analysis of the cosmic ray energy spectrum with the TALE-SD array: 2

    古前壱朗, 敷田淳, 河内祐輔, 古坊龍一, 中原美紅, BRADFIELD F.W., 櫻井駿介, 藤井俊博, 藤井俊博, SHIN H.S., 荻尾彰一, 藤田慧太郎, 大島仁, 高橋薫, 小山千里, 竹田成宏, 野中敏幸, 佐川宏行, 大岡秀行, 多米田裕一郎, 高木勇太朗, 加藤晴香, 坂本琉之助, 冨田孝幸, 阿部泰明, 日比亮佑, 佐藤大輝, 水野航太, 黒岩美羽, 小松晃一, 松澤碧, 中山翼, 有働慈治, 池田大輔, 木戸英治, 榊直人, 奥田剛司, 難波宏樹, 常定芳基, 常定芳基

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 1 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • TA experiment 412: Estimate of analysis accuracy and status of data analysis for TAx4

    楠森優貴, 多米田裕一郎, 小森康平, 坂本琉之助, 藤田慧太郎, 荻尾彰一, さこ隆志, 大島仁, 藤末紘三, 竹田成宏, 常定芳基, 藤井俊博, 櫻井駿介, SHIN H., 冨田孝幸, 有働慈治

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 1 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • Status of Investigating Solar Axion by Iron-57, ISAI experiment and cosmic ray BG study

    松田真宗, 小貫良行, 井上慶純, 藤井俊博, 池田智法, 鶴剛, 榎戸輝揚, 穴澤萌衣, 上ノ町水紀, 身内賢太朗, 武田彩希, 島添健次

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • Future Perspectives of Space Cosmic-Ray Observations in the 2040s

    藤井俊博, 藤井俊博

    天文月報   117 ( 6 )   2024（ ISSN:0374-2466 ）

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  • FAST Experiment 19: Report of on-site PMT calibrations and new electronics developments

    櫻井駿介, BRADFIELD F., 藤井俊博, 長澤広武, 難波宏樹, 武多昭道, 寺内健太, ALBURY J., BELLIDO J., CHYTKA L., FARMER J., HAMAL P., HORVATH P., HRABOVSKY M., JILEK V., KMEC J., KVITA J., MALACARI M., MANDAT D., MASTRODICASA M., MATTHEWS J., MICHAL S., NIECHCIOL M., NOZKA L., PALATKA M., PECH M., PRIVITERA P., SALAMIDA F., SCHOVANEK P., SMIDA R., STANIK D., SVOZILIKOVA Z., THOMAS S., TRAVNICEK P., VACULA M.

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • FAST実験18:FASTの実データ解析と小アレイに向けた機械学習の検討

    BRADFIELD F., 藤井俊博, 長澤広武, 難波宏樹, 櫻井駿介, 武多昭道, 寺内健太, ALBURY J., BELLIDO J., CHYTKA L., FARMER J., HAMAL P., HORVATH P., HRABOVSKY M., JILEK V., KMEC J., KVITA J., MALACARI M., MANDAT D., MASTRODICASA M., MATTHEWS J., MICHAL S., NIECHCIOL M., NOZKA L., PALATKA M., PECH M., PRIVITERA P., SALAMIDA F., SCHOVANEK P., SMIDA R., STANIK D., SVOZILIKOVA Z., THOMAS S., TRAVNICEK P., VACULA M.

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   79 ( 2 )   2024（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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  • Future Perspectives of Space Cosmic-Ray Observations in the 2040s

    藤井俊博, 藤井俊博

    天文月報   117 ( 6 )   2024（ ISSN:0374-2466 ）

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  • 新型大気蛍光望遠鏡による極高エネルギー宇宙線の観測状況及び波形収集回路の開発

    寺内健太, 藤井俊博, 窪秀利, 野崎誠也, 岡知彦, YOO Seokhyun, 武多昭道, SMIDA Radomir, PRIVITERA Paolo, NI Xiaochen, MALACARI Max, FARMER John, ALBURY Justin, BELLIDO Jose A., TRAVNICEK Petr, SCHOVANEK Petr, PECH Miroslav, NOZKA Libor, PALATKA Miroslav, MICHAL Stanislav, MANDAT Dusan, CHYTKA Ladislav, HAMAL Petr, VACULA Martin, HORVATH Pavel, HRABOVSKY Miroslav, KVITA Jiri, SALAMIDA Francesco, MASTRODICASA Massimo, MATTHEWS John N., THOMAS Stan B.

    日本天文学会年会講演予稿集   2020   2020（ ISSN:1347-0639 ）

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  • FAST experiment: 10 : Observing Ultra-high energy cosmic rays in both hemispheres by using new fluorescence telescopes

    YOO S., 藤井俊博, 窪秀利, 野崎誠也, 岡知彦, 寺内健太, 武多昭道, MALACARI M., ALBURY J., BELLIDO J.A., CHYTKA L., FARMER J., HAMAL P., HORVATH P., HRABOVSKY M., KVITA J., MANDAT D., MASTRODICASA M., MATTHEWS J.N., MICHAL S., NI X., NOZKA L., PALATKA M., PECH M., PRIVITERA P., SCHOVANEK P., SALAMIDA F., SMIDA R., THOMAS S.B., TRAVNICEK P., VACULA M.

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   75 ( 2 )   2020（ ISSN:2189-079X ）

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Presentations

  • The Amaterasu particle: searching for the universe's most energetic particles Invited

    Toshihiro Fujii

    The 15th International Conference on High Energy Density Laboratory Astrophysics (HEDLA)  2026.04 

  • Update on Global Cosmic Ray Observatory (GCOS) and Summary of GCOS Workshop Invited

    Toshihiro Fujii

    The 38th JEM-EUSO collaboration meeting  2025.12 

  • Challenging Charged Particle Astronomy with the Global Cosmic Ray Observatory (GCOS)

    Toshihiro Fujii

    Multi-messenger Annual Conference 2025  2025.11 

  • Air-shower Lensing Observation at High Altitude (ALOHA)

    Toshihiro Fujii

    Workshop on PI-type (visiting) instruments for Subaru Telescope  2025.10 

  • High-Energy Astroparticle Observation in Japan - History and Future - Invited

    Toshihiro Fujii

    CosPa Meeting 2025  2025.10 

  • Machine Learning for the Global Cosmic Ray Observatory Invited

    Toshihiro Fujii

    TADAML workshop  2025.10 

  • The Global Cosmic Ray Observatory -- Challenging next-generation multi-messenger astronomy with interdisciplinary research

    Toshihiro Fujii

    The 39th International Cosmic Ray Conference 2025  2025.07 

  • Hunting origins of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays Invited

    Toshihiro Fujii

    Nucleosynthesis and Evolution of Neutron Stars  2025.01 

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    Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

  • Statistical methods for observing ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays Invited

    Toshihiro Fujii

    Workshop: Data Oriented Astronomy  2024.10 

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    Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

  • Visualizing high energy particles of extensive air showers with Subaru Hyper Supreme-Cam

    Toshihiro Fujii

    Workshop on Cosmic Indicators of Dark Matter 2024  2024.10 

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    Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

  • The 100-year endeavor for detecting the highest energy cosmic rays Invited

    Toshihiro Fuji

    TeV Particle Astrophysics 2024  2024.08 

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    Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

  • Searching for the Universe's most energetic particles Invited

    Toshihiro Fujii

    20th Anniversary of the KICP Celebration  2024.06 

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    Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research

  • Cross calibration of ultra-high-energy cosmic ray observatories using new air-fluorescence telescopes

    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(A)  2026

  • Cross calibration of ultra-high-energy cosmic ray observatories using new air-fluorescence telescopes

    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(A)  2025

  • Ultra-precise Observation of Cosmic Ray Air Shower Particles Using Subaru Telescope

    Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)  2025

  • Pioneering ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray astronomy using new air-fluorescence telescope array

    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(A)  2024

  • Hunting solar axions with new pixel-type silicon detector under extremely low background environment

    Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Pioneering)  2024

  • Ultra-precise Observation of Cosmic Ray Air Shower Particles Using Subaru Telescope

    Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)  2024

  • Multimesseger Study of Heavy Dark Matter

    Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (A)  2024

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Charge of on-campus class subject

  • 海外特別研究2

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習3B

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習4B

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習5B

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究3B

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究4B

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究5B

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 海外特別研究3

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 海外特別研究3

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習1B

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習2B

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究1B

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究2B

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 宇宙線物理学B

    2025   Weekly class   Graduate school

  • 特別実験・特別理論演習

    2025   Intensive lecture   Undergraduate

  • 特別実験・特別理論演習

    2025   Intensive lecture   Undergraduate

  • 物理学講読

    2025   Weekly class   Undergraduate

  • 海外特別研究

    2025   Intensive lecture   Undergraduate

  • 専門物理学実験B

    2025   Weekly class   Undergraduate

  • 物理学卒業演習B

    2025   Weekly class   Undergraduate

  • 物理学卒業研究B

    2025   Intensive lecture   Undergraduate

  • 物理実験学

    2025   Weekly class   Undergraduate

  • 専門物理学実験

    2025   Weekly class   Undergraduate

  • 研究者の世界へ

    2025   Weekly class   Undergraduate

  • 物理学特別演習5A

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究3A

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究4A

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究5A

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 海外特別研究5

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習3A

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習4A

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習1A

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習2A

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究1A

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究2A

    2025   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 専門物理学実験A

    2025   Weekly class   Undergraduate

  • 物理学卒業演習A

    2025   Weekly class   Undergraduate

  • 物理学卒業研究A

    2025   Intensive lecture   Undergraduate

  • 物理実験学A

    2025   Weekly class   Undergraduate

  • 物理実験学

    2024   Weekly class   Undergraduate

  • 専門物理学実験

    2024   Weekly class   Undergraduate

  • 特別実験・特別理論演習

    2024   Intensive lecture   Undergraduate

  • 物理学講読

    2024   Weekly class   Undergraduate

  • 海外特別研究

    2024   Intensive lecture   Undergraduate

  • 物理学特別演習3B

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習4B

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習5B

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究3B

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究4B

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究5B

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 海外特別研究5

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 海外特別研究5

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習1B

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習2B

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究1B

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究2B

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 海外特別研究1

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 専門物理学実験B

    2024   Weekly class   Undergraduate

  • 物理学特別演習3A

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習4A

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習5A

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究3A

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究4A

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究5A

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習1A

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別演習2A

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究1A

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 物理学特別研究2A

    2024   Intensive lecture   Graduate school

  • 専門物理学実験A

    2024   Weekly class   Undergraduate

  • 物理実験学A

    2024   Weekly class   Undergraduate

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